B2noun01
pastime
something you do for fun in your free time
Synonymshobbyleisure activityrecreation
🇺🇿bo‘sh vaqtdagi mashg‘ulot, ermak
🇷🇺времяпрепровождение, хобби
- B1Reading comics was my favourite pastime when I was ten.
- B2Chess is a popular pastime among old men in our park.
- C1For my dad, fixing old radios is a relaxing pastime after a long week.
B2noun02
upper classes
the richest and most powerful group of people in a society
Synonymselitearistocracywealthy
🇺🇿yuqori tabaqa, zodagonlar
🇷🇺высшие классы
- B1Tea parties were popular with the upper classes.
- B2In the past, only the upper classes could travel abroad for holidays.
- C1Today, skiing holidays are no longer only for the upper classes in our country.
B2adverb03
initially
at the beginning
Synonymsat firstoriginallyto begin with
🇺🇿dastlab, boshida
🇷🇺изначально, сначала
- B1Initially, the new phone seemed too expensive.
- B2Initially, I hated living in the dormitory with three other students.
- C1Initially my parents said no, but later they let me study abroad.
B1verb04
contribute
to give money, food or help together with other people
Synonymsgivedonatechip in
🇺🇿hissa qo‘shmoq
🇷🇺вносить вклад
- B1Each family contributes a dish to the party.
- B2Everyone contributed some money to buy a present for our teacher.
- C1My older brother contributes half of his salary to the family budget.
C1noun05
wit
the ability to say clever and funny things
Synonymshumourclevernesssharpness
🇺🇿zukkolik, hazilkashlik
🇷🇺остроумие
- B1Our teacher’s wit makes even grammar lessons fun.
- B2My grandmother is famous in our family for her quick wit.
- C1She answered the rude question with such wit that everyone started laughing.
C1noun06
refinement
polite, educated and elegant behaviour or taste
Synonymselegancesophisticationculture
🇺🇿nafislik, odob-axloq go‘zalligi
🇷🇺утончённость, изысканность
- B1Her way of speaking shows real refinement.
- B2The old hotel is a place of quiet refinement and good service.
- C1In my grandfather’s time, good table manners were a sign of refinement.
B2adjective07
adaptable
able to change to suit new situations
Synonymsflexibleversatileadjustable
🇺🇿moslashuvchan
🇷🇺легко приспосабливающийся
- B1This sofa is adaptable; it becomes a bed.
- B2Children are very adaptable and quickly make friends in a new school.
- C1Good workers need to be adaptable when their company starts using new software.
C1verb08
flee
to leave a place quickly because of danger
Synonymsescaperun awayget away
🇺🇿qochmoq
🇷🇺бежать, спасаться бегством
- B1Many people fled the city during the war.
- B2The family had to flee their home when the river flooded.
- C1When the fire alarm rang, all the shoppers fled the building in seconds.
C1adverb09
decidedly
clearly and definitely
Synonymsclearlydefinitelydistinctly
🇺🇿aniq, shubhasiz
🇷🇺определённо, явно
- B1My brother looked decidedly nervous before his exam.
- B2The weather today is decidedly colder than it was yesterday morning.
- C1After the new manager arrived, the atmosphere in the office was decidedly happier.
B2adjective10
costly
expensive
Synonymsexpensivepriceydear
🇺🇿qimmat
🇷🇺дорогой, дорогостоящий
- B1A big wedding in our country can be very costly.
- B2Repairing my old laptop turned out to be very costly last month.
- C1Living in the city centre is costly, so many students rent rooms outside.
C1verb11
outdo
to do better than someone else
Synonymssurpassbeatoutshine
🇺🇿o‘zib ketmoq, ortda qoldirmoq
🇷🇺превзойти
- B1Each café tries to outdo the others.
- B2My two sisters always try to outdo each other at family dinners.
- C1Every year, our neighbours try to outdo us with bigger New Year decorations.
B2adjective12
principal
most important; main
Synonymsmainchiefprimary
🇺🇿asosiy, bosh
🇷🇺главный, основной
- B1Rice is the principal food in many Asian countries.
- B2My principal reason for learning English is to study abroad one day.
- C1The principal problem with our flat is that the kitchen is too small.
C1adverb13
crudely
in a simple and rough way, without much skill
Synonymsroughlysimplyclumsily
🇺🇿qo‘pol, chala
🇷🇺грубо, примитивно
- B1The sign was crudely painted by hand.
- B2The little boat was crudely made from old pieces of wood.
- C1My first website was crudely designed, but my friends still liked it.
C1adjective14
profound
very great or serious; having a strong effect
Synonymsdeepsignificantfar-reaching
🇺🇿chuqur, katta (ta’sir)
🇷🇺глубокий, значительный
- B1The internet caused profound changes in education.
- B2Moving to a new country had a profound effect on my whole family.
- C1Losing her best friend had a profound impact on how she sees life.
B2adjective15
emerging
starting to exist or become important
Synonymsdevelopingrisinggrowing
🇺🇿yangi paydo bo‘layotgan, rivojlanayotgan
🇷🇺возникающий, развивающийся
- B1Many people see India as a fast emerging economy.
- B2Many young people in our town work in emerging online businesses today.
- C1Artificial intelligence is an emerging technology that is changing many jobs.
C1verb16
cease
to stop happening or stop doing something
Synonymsstopenddiscontinue
🇺🇿to‘xtamoq, barham topmoq
🇷🇺прекращать(ся)
- B1The small shoe shop on our street ceased trading last year.
- B2The noise from the building site finally ceased late in the evening.
- C1My little cousin never ceases to surprise me with his funny questions.
C2adjective17
genteel
polite, quiet and respectable, in an old-fashioned way
Synonymsrefinedpoliterespectable
🇺🇿odobli, nafis (eski uslubda)
🇷🇺благопристойный, утончённый
- B1The town has a quiet, genteel feel.
- B2My aunt’s tea parties are very genteel, with flowers and tiny cakes.
- C1The café used to be genteel, but now it is full of noisy teenagers.
C1noun18
idealisation
seeing something as better or more perfect than it really is
Synonymsromanticisingglorificationidolisation
🇺🇿ideallashtirish
🇷🇺идеализация
- B1Social media creates an idealisation of travel.
- B2Old films often show an idealisation of village life and simple farmers.
- C1My parents’ idealisation of their school days makes me laugh sometimes.
C2adjective phrase19
tinged with
slightly showing a particular feeling or quality
Synonymstouched withcoloured bymarked by
🇺🇿…ga biroz yo‘g‘rilgan
🇷🇺с оттенком, окрашенный
- B1My father’s voice was tinged with anger on the phone.
- B2Her smile was tinged with sadness when she said goodbye at the airport.
- C1Graduation day is always happy, but it is tinged with sadness about leaving friends.
C2adjective20
gnarled
rough, twisted and bent, especially because of age
Synonymstwistedknottedbent
🇺🇿qing‘ir-qiyshiq, bo‘g‘imli
🇷🇺узловатый, искривлённый
- B1The farmer’s hands were gnarled from work.
- B2There is a huge gnarled old tree in my grandfather’s garden.
- C1We sat under a gnarled apple tree that was older than our house.
C1verb21
predominate
to be the largest in number or the most important
Synonymsdominateprevailoutnumber
🇺🇿ustun bo‘lmoq, ko‘pchilikni tashkil etmoq
🇷🇺преобладать
- B1In spring, green colours predominate in our garden.
- B2In my English class, girls predominate, and there are only three boys.
- C1In our neighbourhood, small family shops still predominate over big supermarkets.
B2noun22
legacy
something that continues to exist after a person or event in the past
Synonymsheritageinheritanceinfluence
- B1The long war left a terrible legacy for the country.
- B2My grandfather’s legacy is the garden full of apple trees he planted.
- C1The famous teacher’s legacy lives on in the many students she inspired.
C1idiom23
gain ground
to become more popular or accepted
Synonymsbecome popularcatch onspread
🇺🇿ommalashmoq, mavqe qozonmoq
🇷🇺набирать популярность
- B1Online shopping is gaining ground quickly in small towns.
- B2Electric scooters are slowly gaining ground in our city this year.
- C1The idea of working from home gained ground after the pandemic.
C1adjective24
wholesome
good for your health or morally good
Synonymshealthynourishingdecent
🇺🇿foydali, sog‘lom; odobli
🇷🇺полезный, здоровый
- B1My mother always cooks wholesome soups with lots of fresh vegetables.
- B2It is a wholesome film that the whole family can watch.
- C1Camping in the mountains is a wholesome way for children to spend the summer.
C1verb25
prevail
to become the most common or win after a struggle
Synonymswintriumphpredominate
🇺🇿g‘olib chiqmoq, ustun kelmoq
🇷🇺преобладать, одержать верх
- B1Sunny weather prevailed all week during our holiday.
- B2In the end, common sense prevailed and they stopped arguing.
- C1My dad wanted a red car, but my mum’s choice of white prevailed.
B2adjective26
accessible
easy to reach, get or use
Synonymsreachableavailableapproachable
🇺🇿oson yetib boriladigan, ochiq
🇷🇺доступный
- B1Is the new museum accessible for people in wheelchairs?
- B2The new library is accessible by bus from every part of town.
- C1Thanks to the internet, good lessons are now accessible to students in small villages.
B2adjective27
standardised
made the same as each other, following one fixed model
Synonymsuniformregulatedthe same
🇺🇿standartlashtirilgan
🇷🇺стандартизированный
- B1Fast food tastes very standardised in every country I visit.
- B2All students in our country take the same standardised test at seventeen.
- C1Hotel rooms in big chains are so standardised that you forget which city you are in.
C1adjective28
perishable
(of food) likely to go bad quickly
Synonymsshort-livedspoilablefresh
🇺🇿tez buziladigan
🇷🇺скоропортящийся
- B1Fresh fruit is very perishable in hot summer weather.
- B2Milk and fish are perishable, so keep them in the fridge at home.
- C1Shops throw away tons of perishable food that nobody bought before the date.
C1verb29
undergo
to experience a process of change or something unpleasant
Synonymsexperiencego throughbe subjected to
🇺🇿boshdan kechirmoq, …dan o‘tmoq
🇷🇺подвергаться, претерпевать
- B1My uncle underwent an operation last week.
- B2Our old school is undergoing repairs, so we study in another building.
- C1The city centre has undergone huge changes since I was a child.
B2verb30
evolve
to develop and change gradually over time
Synonymsdevelopchangeprogress
🇺🇿rivojlanmoq, o‘zgarib bormoq
🇷🇺развиваться, эволюционировать
- B1All languages evolve slowly as people find new words.
- B2My taste in music has evolved a lot since I was a child.
- C1Our small family café slowly evolved into a popular restaurant in the city.