Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
In recent years, a new way of working has become increasinglyincreasingly (adverb)More and more as time passes.≈ Synonym: more and more🇺🇿UZ: tobora ko'proq🇷🇺RU: всё более common around the world. It is known as the gig economygig economy (noun)A labour market of short-term, flexible jobs.≈ Synonym: freelance economy🇺🇿UZ: gig iqtisodiyoti🇷🇺RU: гиг-экономика. In the gig economy, people do short-termshort-term (adj)Lasting for only a limited time.≈ Synonym: temporary🇺🇿UZ: qisqa muddatli🇷🇺RU: краткосрочный or flexibleflexible (adj)Able to change or adapt easily.≈ Synonym: adaptable🇺🇿UZ: moslashuvchan🇷🇺RU: гибкий jobs rather than working for one employeremployer (noun)A person or company that employs workers.≈ Synonym: company🇺🇿UZ: ish beruvchi🇷🇺RU: работодатель in a long-termlong-term (adj)Lasting for a long period.≈ Synonym: lasting🇺🇿UZ: uzoq muddatli🇷🇺RU: долгосрочный, full-time positionposition (noun)A job within an organisation.≈ Synonym: role🇺🇿UZ: lavozim🇷🇺RU: должность. The name comes from the idea of a "gig" — a term musicians use for a single performanceperformance (noun)An act of presenting a show or piece of work.≈ Synonym: show🇺🇿UZ: chiqish🇷🇺RU: выступление or job. Today, millions of people work in this way, from driving for ride-sharingride-sharing (noun)A service connecting drivers with passengers, via app.≈ Synonym: car-hailing🇺🇿UZ: yo'lovchi tashish xizmati🇷🇺RU: райдшеринг services to designing websites or deliveringdeliver (verb)Taking goods to a destination.≈ Synonym: bringing🇺🇿UZ: yetkazib berish🇷🇺RU: доставляя food.
There are several reasons why the gig economy has grown so quicklyquickly (adverb)At a fast speed.≈ Synonym: fast🇺🇿UZ: tezda🇷🇺RU: быстро. One reason is technologytechnology (noun)Scientific knowledge used for practical purposes.≈ Synonym: tech🇺🇿UZ: texnologiya🇷🇺RU: технология. Apps and websites now make it easy for people to find work and for companies to find workers. For example, platformsplatform (noun)Online systems used to provide a service.≈ Synonym: apps🇺🇿UZ: platformalar🇷🇺RU: платформы like Uber, Deliveroo, and Upwork connect people who need services with those who can provideprovide (verb)To supply or make available.≈ Synonym: supply🇺🇿UZ: ta'minlamoq🇷🇺RU: предоставлять them. With just a few clicks on a phone, someone can start working or hirehire (verb)To employ someone for a task.≈ Synonym: employ🇺🇿UZ: yollamoq🇷🇺RU: нанимать a worker.
Another reason is that both workers and companies often like the flexibilityflexibility (noun)The quality of adapting easily to change.≈ Synonym: adaptability🇺🇿UZ: moslashuvchanlik🇷🇺RU: гибкость of gig work. Many workers enjoy choosing when and where they work. A gig worker might drive in the morning, deliver food in the afternoon, and take a freelancefreelance (adj)Working independently for different clients.≈ Synonym: self-employed🇺🇿UZ: frilanser🇷🇺RU: фрилансерский writing job in the evening. This kind of work can fit around other responsibilitiesresponsibility (noun)Duties that one is required to deal with.≈ Synonym: duties🇺🇿UZ: mas'uliyatlar🇷🇺RU: обязанности, such as studying or caring for family. Companies also benefitbenefit (verb)To gain an advantage from something.≈ Synonym: profit🇺🇿UZ: foyda ko'rmoq🇷🇺RU: получать выгоду because they can hire workers only when they need them, saving money on costs like offices, equipmentequipment (noun)Items needed for a particular purpose.≈ Synonym: gear🇺🇿UZ: jihozlar🇷🇺RU: оборудование, or employee benefitsbenefit (noun)Advantages provided as part of employment.≈ Synonym: perks🇺🇿UZ: imtiyozlar🇷🇺RU: льготы.
However, the gig economy also has disadvantagesdisadvantage (noun)Unfavourable circumstances or conditions.≈ Synonym: drawbacks🇺🇿UZ: kamchiliklar🇷🇺RU: недостатки, especially for workers. One of the biggest challenges is job securityjob security (noun)Confidence in keeping one's job.≈ Synonym: employment stability🇺🇿UZ: ish barqarorligi🇷🇺RU: гарантия занятости. Gig workers usually have no long-term contractcontract (noun)A formal agreement about work or terms.≈ Synonym: agreement🇺🇿UZ: shartnoma🇷🇺RU: контракт. This means they may not know when their next job will come. They often do not receive paid holidays, sick leavesick leave (noun)Paid time off work due to illness.≈ Synonym: medical leave🇺🇿UZ: kasallik ta'tili🇷🇺RU: больничный, or health insurancehealth insurance (noun)A plan covering medical costs.≈ Synonym: medical insurance🇺🇿UZ: tibbiy sug'urta🇷🇺RU: медицинская страховка. In some cases, gig workers earn less than people doing similarsimilar (adj)Almost the same as something else.≈ Synonym: alike🇺🇿UZ: o'xshash🇷🇺RU: похожий work as full-time employees.
There is also the issue of rightsright (noun)Legal or moral entitlements.≈ Synonym: entitlements🇺🇿UZ: huquqlar🇷🇺RU: права and protections. Because gig workers are often classedclass (verb)Categorised or classified as something.≈ Synonym: categorised🇺🇿UZ: toifalangan🇷🇺RU: классифицированы as independent contractorsindependent contractor (noun)Self-employed people who provide services under contract.≈ Synonym: freelancers🇺🇿UZ: mustaqil pudratchilar🇷🇺RU: независимые подрядчики rather than employees, they may have fewer legallegal (adj)Relating to the law.≈ Synonym: lawful🇺🇿UZ: huquqiy🇷🇺RU: юридический rights. For example, they might not be able to join a trade uniontrade union (noun)An organisation representing workers' interests.≈ Synonym: labour union🇺🇿UZ: kasaba uyushmasi🇷🇺RU: профсоюз or claim unfair dismissalunfair dismissal (noun)Being wrongfully removed from a job.≈ Synonym: wrongful termination🇺🇿UZ: noqonuniy ishdan bo'shatish🇷🇺RU: неправомерное увольнение. Some governments and courts have started to look at these issues and have ruledrule (verb)Made an official legal decision.≈ Synonym: decided officially🇺🇿UZ: qaror chiqargan🇷🇺RU: постановили that certain gig workers should be treated as employees, with the same rights as other workers.
The rise of the gig economy has led to much debatedebate (noun)A formal discussion involving opposing views.≈ Synonym: discussion🇺🇿UZ: munozara🇷🇺RU: дебаты. Supporters say it offers new opportunitiesopportunity (noun)Chances to do something good or useful.≈ Synonym: chances🇺🇿UZ: imkoniyatlar🇷🇺RU: возможности and allows people to work in ways that suitsuit (verb)To be convenient or appropriate for someone.≈ Synonym: fit🇺🇿UZ: mos kelmoq🇷🇺RU: подходить their lifestyleslifestyle (noun)The way in which a person lives.≈ Synonym: way of life🇺🇿UZ: turmush tarzi🇷🇺RU: образ жизни. They argue that it helps people earn extra money and that it can reduce unemploymentunemployment (noun)The state of being without a job.≈ Synonym: joblessness🇺🇿UZ: ishsizlik🇷🇺RU: безработица. Critics warn that it creates insecureinsecure (adj)Not firm or stable; uncertain.≈ Synonym: unstable🇺🇿UZ: beqaror🇷🇺RU: нестабильный jobs and increases inequalityinequality (noun)Unfair differences between groups.≈ Synonym: unfairness🇺🇿UZ: tengsizlik🇷🇺RU: неравенство. They call for new laws to protect gig workers and ensure fair pay and conditionscondition (noun)Circumstances affecting how something is done.≈ Synonym: circumstances🇺🇿UZ: sharoitlar🇷🇺RU: условия.
In conclusion, the gig economy is changing the world of work. It offers freedom and flexibility, but it also brings new challenges that society will need to addressaddress (verb)To deal with a problem or issue.≈ Synonym: tackle🇺🇿UZ: hal qilmoq🇷🇺RU: решать. As the gig economy continues to grow, it will be important to find a balancebalance (noun)A state where different things are in proper proportion.≈ Synonym: equilibrium🇺🇿UZ: muvozanat🇷🇺RU: баланс between flexibility for workers and fairnessfairness (noun)The quality of treating people equally.≈ Synonym: justice🇺🇿UZ: adolatlilik🇷🇺RU: справедливость in the workplace.