Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
In many parts of the world, more and more people are moving from the countrysidecountryside (noun)Land outside cities and towns, with fields and villages.≈ Synonym: rural area🇺🇿UZ: qishloq joylari🇷🇺RU: сельская местность to cities. This process is called urbanisationurbanisation (noun)The process of more people living in cities.≈ Synonym: city growth🇺🇿UZ: urbanizatsiya🇷🇺RU: урбанизация, and it is one of the most important changes happening in modernmodern (adj)Relating to the present time.≈ Synonym: contemporary🇺🇿UZ: zamonaviy🇷🇺RU: современный society. But why do so many people choose to leave small towns and villagesvillage (noun)Small communities in rural areas.≈ Synonym: hamlets🇺🇿UZ: qishloq🇷🇺RU: деревня to live in big cities?
One of the main reasons is work. Cities usually offer more job opportunitiesjob opportunity (noun)Chances to gain employment.≈ Synonym: employment openings🇺🇿UZ: ish imkoniyati🇷🇺RU: возможность трудоустройства than ruralrural (adj)Relating to the countryside.≈ Synonym: countryside-related🇺🇿UZ: qishloqqa oid🇷🇺RU: сельский areas. Factoriesfactory (noun)Buildings where goods are manufactured.≈ Synonym: plants🇺🇿UZ: fabrika, zavod🇷🇺RU: фабрика, завод, shops, offices, and service industriesservice industry (noun)Businesses that provide services rather than goods.≈ Synonym: service sector🇺🇿UZ: xizmat ko'rsatish sohasi🇷🇺RU: сфера услуг often need large numbers of workers. In cities, people may also find jobs that pay better or give them a chance to developdevelop (verb)To grow or improve over time.≈ Synonym: improve🇺🇿UZ: rivojlantirmoq🇷🇺RU: развивать their skills. For this reason, young people often move to cities to build their careerscareer (noun)Occupations undertaken over a significant time.≈ Synonym: professions🇺🇿UZ: kasbiy yo'l, martaba🇷🇺RU: карьера and improve their lives.
Educationeducation (noun)The process of teaching or learning.≈ Synonym: schooling🇺🇿UZ: ta'lim🇷🇺RU: образование is another reason why people choose city life. Cities usually have better schools, colleges, and universitiesuniversity (noun)Institutions of higher education.≈ Synonym: colleges🇺🇿UZ: universitet🇷🇺RU: университет. Families who want their children to have more opportunities often move closer to good educationaleducational (adj)Relating to education.≈ Synonym: academic🇺🇿UZ: ta'limiy, o'quv🇷🇺RU: образовательный institutionsinstitution (noun)Organisations founded for a particular purpose.≈ Synonym: organisations🇺🇿UZ: muassasa🇷🇺RU: учреждение. In addition, cities may offer special trainingtraining (noun)The process of teaching a skill.≈ Synonym: instruction🇺🇿UZ: o'qitish, malaka oshirish🇷🇺RU: обучение, подготовка centres and language schools that can help people gaingain (verb)To get something useful.≈ Synonym: get🇺🇿UZ: qo'lga kiritmoq, olmoq🇷🇺RU: получать, приобретать new qualificationsqualification (noun)Official proof of skill or knowledge.≈ Synonym: credentials🇺🇿UZ: malaka, diplom🇷🇺RU: квалификация, диплом.
Cities also provide better accessaccess (noun)The means of reaching or using something.≈ Synonym: availability🇺🇿UZ: kirish imkoniyati🇷🇺RU: доступ to servicesservice (noun)Systems that provide something people need.≈ Synonym: amenities🇺🇿UZ: xizmat🇷🇺RU: услуга, служба. Hospitals, clinicsclinic (noun)A place where people get medical help.🇺🇿UZ: klinika, poliklinika🇷🇺RU: клиника, поликлиника, and emergencyemergency (adj)Relating to a sudden, serious situation needing immediate action.≈ Synonym: urgent🇺🇿UZ: favqulodda, tez yordam🇷🇺RU: экстренный services are usually easier to reachreach (verb)To get to a place.≈ Synonym: get to🇺🇿UZ: yetib bormoq🇷🇺RU: добираться in urbanurban (adj)Relating to a city or town.≈ Synonym: city-based🇺🇿UZ: shaharga oid🇷🇺RU: городской areas. There are more shops, entertainmententertainment (noun)Activities providing amusement or enjoyment.≈ Synonym: amusement🇺🇿UZ: ko'ngilochar narsalar🇷🇺RU: развлечения options, and culturalcultural (adj)Relating to the arts and customs of a society.≈ Synonym: artistic🇺🇿UZ: madaniy🇷🇺RU: культурный activities, such as cinemas, museums, and concerts. Many people enjoy the varietyvariety (noun)A range of different things.≈ Synonym: diversity🇺🇿UZ: xilma-xillik🇷🇺RU: разнообразие and excitementexcitement (noun)A feeling of great enthusiasm.≈ Synonym: thrill🇺🇿UZ: hayajon🇷🇺RU: волнение that city life offers.
However, moving to a city is not always easy. City life can be expensiveexpensive (adj)Costing a lot of money.≈ Synonym: costly🇺🇿UZ: qimmat🇷🇺RU: дорогой, with high costscost (noun)Amounts of money needed to buy or do something.≈ Synonym: expenses🇺🇿UZ: xarajat🇷🇺RU: расход, стоимость for housing, transport, and other daily needs. Cities can also be crowdedcrowded (adj)Full of people.≈ Synonym: packed🇺🇿UZ: gavjum🇷🇺RU: переполненный, noisynoisy (adj)Making a lot of noise.≈ Synonym: loud🇺🇿UZ: shovqinli🇷🇺RU: шумный, and pollutedpolluted (adj)Contaminated with harmful substances.≈ Synonym: contaminated🇺🇿UZ: ifloslangan🇷🇺RU: загрязнённый. Traffic jamstraffic jam (noun)Lines of vehicles unable to move or moving slowly.≈ Synonym: gridlock🇺🇿UZ: tirbandlik🇷🇺RU: пробка, long working hours, and a fast pacepace (noun)The speed at which something happens.≈ Synonym: speed🇺🇿UZ: sur'at🇷🇺RU: темп of life can cause stressstress (noun)A state of mental or emotional strain.≈ Synonym: pressure🇺🇿UZ: stress🇷🇺RU: стресс.
Despite these challengeschallenge (noun)Difficult tasks or situations.≈ Synonym: difficulties🇺🇿UZ: qiyinchilik, sinov🇷🇺RU: трудность, вызов, people continue to move to cities in search ofin search of (phr)Looking for something.≈ Synonym: looking for🇺🇿UZ: ...ni izlab🇷🇺RU: в поисках a better future. For many, the advantagesadvantage (noun)Beneficial features of something.≈ Synonym: benefits🇺🇿UZ: afzallik🇷🇺RU: преимущество of city life are worthworth (adj)Good enough to justify effort or cost.🇺🇿UZ: arziydi🇷🇺RU: стоящий the difficultiesdifficulty (noun)Problems or challenges.≈ Synonym: problems🇺🇿UZ: qiyinchilik🇷🇺RU: трудность they may face.
In your own words, write a short summary of what you just read (90–120+ words). Don't copy sentences — explain the main ideas.
Every highlighted word from this story with its meaning in Uzbek 🇺🇿 and Russian 🇷🇺, and an example. Tap 🇬🇧 or 🇺🇸 to hear the word or the sentence in a British or American accent.
| # | 🇬🇧 | 🇺🇿 | 🇷🇺 | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | countrysidenoun | qishloq joylari | сельская местность | We spent the summer in the countryside with my grandparents. |
| 2 | urbanisationnoun | urbanizatsiya | урбанизация | Urbanisation is happening very quickly in Asia. |
| 3 | modernadjective | zamonaviy | современный | The museum has a modern design. |
| 4 | villagenoun | qishloq | деревня | My father grew up in a small village near Namangan. |
| 5 | job opportunitynoun | ish imkoniyati | возможность трудоустройства | There are more job opportunities in the capital. |
| 6 | ruraladjective | qishloqqa oid | сельский | Many rural schools need more teachers. |
| 7 | factorynoun | fabrika, zavod | фабрика, завод | He works at a textile factory. |
| 8 | service industrynoun | xizmat ko'rsatish sohasi | сфера услуг | Most young people work in service industries like hotels and restaurants. |
| 9 | developverb | rivojlantirmoq | развивать | This job will help me develop my leadership skills. |
| 10 | careernoun | kasbiy yo'l, martaba | карьера | She started her career as a teacher. |
| 11 | educationnoun | ta'lim | образование | Education is free in many countries. |
| 12 | universitynoun | universitet | университет | Which university do you want to apply to? |
| 13 | educationaladjective | ta'limiy, o'quv | образовательный | This TV channel shows educational programmes for kids. |
| 14 | institutionnoun | muassasa | учреждение | Banks and schools are important institutions. |
| 15 | trainingnoun | o'qitish, malaka oshirish | обучение, подготовка | New staff get two weeks of training. |
| 16 | gainverb | qo'lga kiritmoq, olmoq | получать, приобретать | You can gain a lot of experience as a volunteer. |
| 17 | qualificationnoun | malaka, diplom | квалификация, диплом | You need a teaching qualification for this job. |
| 18 | accessnoun | kirish imkoniyati | доступ | Everyone should have access to clean water. |
| 19 | servicenoun | xizmat | услуга, служба | The bank offers online services. |
| 20 | clinicnoun | klinika, poliklinika | клиника, поликлиника | There is a dental clinic next to our house. |
| 21 | emergencyadjective | favqulodda, tez yordam | экстренный | In an emergency, call 103. |
| 22 | reachverb | yetib bormoq | добираться | The village is hard to reach in winter. |
| 23 | urbanadjective | shaharga oid | городской | Urban areas are usually more polluted. |
| 24 | entertainmentnoun | ko'ngilochar narsalar | развлечения | There isn't much entertainment in our town. |
| 25 | culturaladjective | madaniy | культурный | Bukhara is a great cultural centre. |
| 26 | varietynoun | xilma-xillik | разнообразие | The market sells a wide variety of fruit. |
| 27 | excitementnoun | hayajon | волнение | The children couldn't sleep because of the excitement. |
| 28 | expensiveadjective | qimmat | дорогой | Living in the capital is expensive. |
| 29 | costnoun | xarajat | расход, стоимость | The cost of living has gone up. |
| 30 | crowdedadjective | gavjum | переполненный | The metro is always crowded in the morning. |
| 31 | noisyadjective | shovqinli | шумный | Our neighbours are very noisy. |
| 32 | pollutedadjective | ifloslangan | загрязнённый | The river is too polluted to swim in. |
| 33 | traffic jamnoun | tirbandlik | пробка | We were stuck in a traffic jam for an hour. |
| 34 | pacenoun | sur'at | темп | I love the slow pace of village life. |
| 35 | stressnoun | stress | стресс | Exams cause a lot of stress. |
| 36 | challengenoun | qiyinchilik, sinov | трудность, вызов | Learning to drive was a real challenge. |
| 37 | in search ofphrase | ...ni izlab | в поисках | Many young people go abroad in search of work. |
| 38 | advantagenoun | afzallik | преимущество | One advantage of a small school is that classes are small. |
| 39 | worthadjective | arziydi | стоящий | The trip was long, but it was worth it. |
| 40 | difficultynoun | qiyinchilik | трудность | She had difficulty finding a flat. |