Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
The world of work is changing fasterfast (adj)Moving or happening quickly; quicker.≈ Synonym: quicker🇺🇿UZ: tez🇷🇺RU: быстрый than ever before. In the past, most people worked in farmingfarming (noun)The practice of growing crops or raising animals.≈ Synonym: agriculture🇺🇿UZ: dehqonchilik🇷🇺RU: сельское хозяйство, factoriesfactory (noun)Buildings where goods are manufactured.≈ Synonym: plants🇺🇿UZ: fabrika, zavod🇷🇺RU: фабрика, завод, or shops. Many stayed in the same job or company for their entireentire (adj)Whole; complete.≈ Synonym: whole🇺🇿UZ: butun🇷🇺RU: весь working life. Today, technologytechnology (noun)Scientific knowledge used for practical purposes.≈ Synonym: tech🇺🇿UZ: texnologiya🇷🇺RU: технология, globalisationglobalisation (noun)The process by which businesses operate internationally.≈ Synonym: global integration🇺🇿UZ: globallashuv🇷🇺RU: глобализация, and new ways of working are creating big changes in how people earn a livingearn a living (phr)To get the money you need to live.≈ Synonym: make a living🇺🇿UZ: tirikchilik qilmoq🇷🇺RU: зарабатывать на жизнь.
One of the biggest changes is the riserise (noun)An increase in amount or importance.≈ Synonym: growth🇺🇿UZ: o'sish🇷🇺RU: рост of technology. Computers, the internet, and smartphonessmartphone (noun)Mobile phones with advanced computing abilities.≈ Synonym: mobile devices🇺🇿UZ: smartfon🇷🇺RU: смартфон have made it possible to work from almost anywhereanywhere (adv)In or to any place.🇺🇿UZ: istalgan joyda🇷🇺RU: где угодно. Many people now use emails, video calls, and online toolstool (noun)Items or software used to perform a task.≈ Synonym: instruments🇺🇿UZ: vosita, asbob🇷🇺RU: инструмент to do their jobs. This means that employeesemployee (noun)People who work for a company.≈ Synonym: workers🇺🇿UZ: xodim🇷🇺RU: сотрудник can often work from home or while travelling. For some, this makes work more flexibleflexible (adj)Able to change or adapt easily.≈ Synonym: adaptable🇺🇿UZ: moslashuvchan🇷🇺RU: гибкий and enjoyableenjoyable (adj)Giving pleasure or satisfaction.≈ Synonym: pleasant🇺🇿UZ: yoqimli🇷🇺RU: приятный. For others, it can be stressfulstressful (adj)Causing mental or emotional strain.≈ Synonym: demanding🇺🇿UZ: asabbuzar, stressli🇷🇺RU: стрессовый, напряжённый, as it becomes harder to separateseparate (verb)To keep two things apart.≈ Synonym: divide🇺🇿UZ: ajratmoq🇷🇺RU: разделять work from personal lifepersonal life (phr)Your life outside work, with family and friends.≈ Synonym: private life🇺🇿UZ: shaxsiy hayot🇷🇺RU: личная жизнь.
Globalisation has also changed the world of work. Companies can now do business in many different countries. This has created new opportunitiesopportunity (noun)Chances to do something good or useful.≈ Synonym: chances🇺🇿UZ: imkoniyat🇷🇺RU: возможность for workers who have language skills or internationalinternational (adj)Involving more than one country.≈ Synonym: global🇺🇿UZ: xalqaro🇷🇺RU: международный experience. At the same time, it means that workers must competecompete (verb)To try to win or succeed against others.≈ Synonym: rival🇺🇿UZ: raqobatlashmoq🇷🇺RU: конкурировать with people from other parts of the world. This can put pressurepressure (noun)A feeling of stress caused by demands.≈ Synonym: strain🇺🇿UZ: bosim🇷🇺RU: давление on salariessalary (noun)Fixed regular payments for work.≈ Synonym: wages🇺🇿UZ: maosh, ish haqi🇷🇺RU: зарплата and job securityjob security (noun)Confidence in keeping one's job.≈ Synonym: employment stability🇺🇿UZ: ish barqarorligi🇷🇺RU: гарантия занятости, especially in industriesindustry (noun)All the companies making a type of product or service.≈ Synonym: sector🇺🇿UZ: sanoat, soha🇷🇺RU: отрасль, индустрия where companies try to lowerlower (verb)To reduce something in level or amount.≈ Synonym: reduce🇺🇿UZ: pasaytirmoq🇷🇺RU: снижать costs.
Another change is the rise of temporarytemporary (adj)Lasting for only a limited time.≈ Synonym: short-term🇺🇿UZ: vaqtinchalik🇷🇺RU: временный and part-timepart-time (adj)Working fewer hours than a full working week.≈ Synonym: reduced-hours🇺🇿UZ: to'liq bo'lmagan ish kuni🇷🇺RU: с неполной занятостью work. In the past, most jobs were full-timefull-time (adj)Working the standard number of hours per week.≈ Synonym: standard-hours🇺🇿UZ: to'liq ish kuni🇷🇺RU: с полной занятостью and permanentpermanent (adj)Lasting indefinitely; not temporary.≈ Synonym: lasting🇺🇿UZ: doimiy🇷🇺RU: постоянный. Today, more people work on short contractscontract (noun)Formal agreements about work or terms.≈ Synonym: agreements🇺🇿UZ: shartnoma, kontrakt🇷🇺RU: контракт, договор, part-time, or as freelancersfreelancer (noun)People who work independently for different clients.≈ Synonym: independent workers🇺🇿UZ: frilanser, mustaqil ishlovchi🇷🇺RU: фрилансер. This gives workers more freedomfreedom (noun)The state of being free to act as one chooses.≈ Synonym: liberty🇺🇿UZ: erkinlik🇷🇺RU: свобода to choose when and how they work. However, it can also mean less job security and fewer benefitsbenefit (noun)Advantages provided as part of employment.≈ Synonym: perks🇺🇿UZ: imtiyoz🇷🇺RU: льгота, such as paid holidays or pensionspension (noun)Regular payments made after retirement.≈ Synonym: retirement income🇺🇿UZ: nafaqa, pensiya🇷🇺RU: пенсия.
The future of work will likelylikely (adv)Probably.≈ Synonym: probably🇺🇿UZ: ehtimol🇷🇺RU: вероятно bring even more changes. New technologies like artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence (noun)Computer systems able to perform tasks requiring intelligence.≈ Synonym: AI🇺🇿UZ: sun'iy intellekt🇷🇺RU: искусственный интеллект and robotsrobot (noun)Machines capable of performing tasks automatically.≈ Synonym: automated machines🇺🇿UZ: robot🇷🇺RU: робот may replacereplace (verb)To take the place of something.≈ Synonym: substitute🇺🇿UZ: almashtirmoq🇷🇺RU: заменять some jobs, but they may also create new ones. To succeedsucceed (verb)To achieve what you are trying to do.≈ Synonym: do well🇺🇿UZ: muvaffaqiyatga erishmoq🇷🇺RU: добиться успеха, workers will need to keep learning new skills and be ready to adaptadapt (verb)To adjust to new conditions.≈ Synonym: adjust🇺🇿UZ: moslashmoq🇷🇺RU: адаптироваться.
In your own words, write a short summary of what you just read (90–120+ words). Don't copy sentences — explain the main ideas.
Every highlighted word from this story with its meaning in Uzbek 🇺🇿 and Russian 🇷🇺, and an example. Tap 🇬🇧 or 🇺🇸 to hear the word or the sentence in a British or American accent.
| # | 🇬🇧 | 🇺🇿 | 🇷🇺 | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fastadjective | tez | быстрый | Prices are rising faster than salaries. |
| 2 | farmingnoun | dehqonchilik | сельское хозяйство | Most people in the village make a living from farming. |
| 3 | factorynoun | fabrika, zavod | фабрика, завод | The new factory will create 500 jobs. |
| 4 | entireadjective | butun | весь | I spent the entire weekend studying. |
| 5 | technologynoun | texnologiya | технология | Technology has made it easier to work from home. |
| 6 | globalisationnoun | globallashuv | глобализация | Globalisation has made foreign products cheaper. |
| 7 | earn a livingphrase | tirikchilik qilmoq | зарабатывать на жизнь | He earns a living by selling fruit at the bazaar. |
| 8 | risenoun | o'sish | рост | There has been a sharp rise in house prices. |
| 9 | smartphonenoun | smartfon | смартфон | Almost every student has a smartphone. |
| 10 | anywhereadverb | istalgan joyda | где угодно | With a laptop, you can work anywhere. |
| 11 | toolnoun | vosita, asbob | инструмент | Google Docs is a useful tool for group work. |
| 12 | employeenoun | xodim | сотрудник | The company has 300 employees. |
| 13 | flexibleadjective | moslashuvchan | гибкий | I need a job with flexible hours. |
| 14 | enjoyableadjective | yoqimli | приятный | Thank you for a very enjoyable evening. |
| 15 | stressfuladjective | asabbuzar, stressli | стрессовый, напряжённый | Moving house is very stressful. |
| 16 | separateverb | ajratmoq | разделять | It's hard to separate work and family life. |
| 17 | personal lifephrase | shaxsiy hayot | личная жизнь | She never talks about her personal life at work. |
| 18 | opportunitynoun | imkoniyat | возможность | The internship was a great opportunity to learn. |
| 19 | internationaladjective | xalqaro | международный | She works for an international company. |
| 20 | competeverb | raqobatlashmoq | конкурировать | Hundreds of students compete for every place. |
| 21 | pressurenoun | bosim | давление | There's a lot of pressure on students to get high marks. |
| 22 | salarynoun | maosh, ish haqi | зарплата | Teachers' salaries went up this year. |
| 23 | job securitynoun | ish barqarorligi | гарантия занятости | Government jobs offer good job security. |
| 24 | industrynoun | sanoat, soha | отрасль, индустрия | Tourism is a fast-growing industry in Uzbekistan. |
| 25 | lowerverb | pasaytirmoq | снижать | The shop lowered its prices to attract customers. |
| 26 | temporaryadjective | vaqtinchalik | временный | This is only a temporary job for the summer. |
| 27 | part-timeadjective | to'liq bo'lmagan ish kuni | с неполной занятостью | Many students have part-time jobs. |
| 28 | full-timeadjective | to'liq ish kuni | с полной занятостью | She's looking for a full-time job. |
| 29 | permanentadjective | doimiy | постоянный | Is this a permanent position? |
| 30 | contractnoun | shartnoma, kontrakt | контракт, договор | I signed a one-year contract. |
| 31 | freelancernoun | frilanser, mustaqil ishlovchi | фрилансер | As a freelancer, she works with clients from many countries. |
| 32 | freedomnoun | erkinlik | свобода | Working from home gives me more freedom. |
| 33 | benefitnoun | imtiyoz | льгота | The job comes with good benefits, including health insurance. |
| 34 | pensionnoun | nafaqa, pensiya | пенсия | My grandparents live on their pensions. |
| 35 | likelyadverb | ehtimol | вероятно | Prices will likely rise next year. |
| 36 | artificial intelligencenoun | sun'iy intellekt | искусственный интеллект | Artificial intelligence can now write essays and translate texts. |
| 37 | robotnoun | robot | робот | Robots do most of the work in modern car factories. |
| 38 | replaceverb | almashtirmoq | заменять | Online shopping will never fully replace the bazaar. |
| 39 | succeedverb | muvaffaqiyatga erishmoq | добиться успеха | To succeed in IELTS, you need a lot of practice. |
| 40 | adaptverb | moslashmoq | адаптироваться | Children usually adapt quickly to a new school. |