B1verb01
occur
to exist or be found somewhere; to happen (occur naturally / in the form of)
Synonymsexistbe foundappear
🇺🇿uchramoq, mavjud bo‘lmoq
🇷🇺встречаться, существовать
- B1Power cuts occur in our village almost every winter.
- B2Earthquakes occur quite often in some parts of Central Asia.
- C1It never occurred to me that my little brother might be lonely.
B1adjective02
transparent
clear enough to see through; (of a process) open and honest
Synonymsclearsee-throughopen
- B1I keep my pens in a transparent pencil case for exams.
- B2The water in the mountain lake is so transparent that you can see the bottom.
- C1Good shops are transparent about prices, so there are no surprises at the till.
C1verb03
utilise
to use something for a practical purpose (formal; US utilize)
Synonymsuseemploymake use of
🇺🇿foydalanmoq
🇷🇺использовать
- B1Our school utilises the empty hall for yoga classes.
- B2We should utilise our free time to learn new skills and hobbies.
- C1She utilises her long bus ride to answer emails and plan her day.
B1adjective04
countless
very many; too many to count
Synonymsinnumerablenumerousendless
🇺🇿son-sanoqsiz
🇷🇺бесчисленный
- B1We spent countless hours playing football in the street as kids.
- B2There are countless cooking videos online, yet I still burn the rice.
- C1I have told my brother countless times to clean his room, but he never listens.
B1verb05
preserve
to keep food from going bad; to keep something in its original state
Synonymsconservekeepprotect
🇺🇿saqlamoq, konservalamoq
🇷🇺сохранять, консервировать
- B1Salt was used to preserve fish before fridges existed.
- B2My grandmother preserves tomatoes and cucumbers in jars every summer.
- C1My mum preserves old family photos in albums so they don’t get damaged.
C1verb06
stabilise
to make something firm and unlikely to move or change
Synonymssteadysecurestrengthen
🇺🇿mustahkamlamoq, barqarorlashtirmoq
🇷🇺стабилизировать, укреплять
- B1Prices at the bazaar have finally stabilised after the holidays.
- B2The doctors worked hard to stabilise the patient after the car accident.
- C1A regular bedtime helped stabilise my son’s mood during the school week.
C1noun07
concentration
the amount of a substance in a liquid or area; a large amount in one place
Synonymsdensityamountaccumulation
🇺🇿konsentratsiya, to‘planish
🇷🇺концентрация, скопление
- B1This juice has a high concentration of sugar.
- B2The concentration of salt in the Dead Sea is extremely high.
- C1I lose concentration quickly if my phone is on the desk while I study.
C1noun08
evaporation
the process of a liquid changing into gas (verb: evaporate)
Synonymsvaporisationdryingvapour loss
- B1In hot weather, evaporation makes puddles disappear very quickly.
- B2Cover the pot to stop evaporation while the soup cooks.
- C1Because of evaporation, the paddling pool was half empty by the afternoon.
C1verb09
domesticate
to tame an animal or grow a plant for human use
Synonymstamebreedcultivate
🇺🇿xonakilashtirmoq
🇷🇺одомашнивать
- B1Cats were domesticated to keep mice away from grain.
- B2People domesticated dogs thousands of years ago to help them hunt.
- C1Humans domesticated goats long ago, and my uncle still keeps a few.
C1verb10
devise
to invent a new method or plan
Synonymsinventdesigncome up with
🇺🇿ixtiro qilmoq, ishlab chiqmoq
🇷🇺разработать, придумать
- B1Our teacher devised a fun game to help us learn new words.
- B2My sister devised a plan to save money for a new laptop.
- C1The neighbours devised a rota so everyone takes turns cleaning the stairs.
B2phrase11
be suited to
to be right or appropriate for something
Synonymsbe suitable forbe appropriate forfit
🇺🇿… ga mos bo‘lmoq
🇷🇺подходить для
- B1This jacket is suited to cold, windy days.
- B2This small car is well suited to driving in busy city streets.
- C1He’s patient and calm, so he is well suited to working with small children.
C1verb / noun12
quarry
to dig stone or rock out of the ground; a place where this is done
Synonymsexcavateextractmine
🇺🇿(tosh) qazib olmoq; karyer
🇷🇺добывать (камень); карьер
- B1The marble for the new mosque was quarried nearby.
- B2Workers quarry stone from the mountain to build new houses.
- C1Children used to swim in the old flooded quarry, which was very dangerous.
C1noun13
deposit
a layer of a substance that has formed naturally underground
Synonymslayerbedseam
🇺🇿kon, qatlam
🇷🇺месторождение, залежь
- B1Hard water leaves white deposits inside the kettle.
- B2There are large gold deposits in the mountains of Uzbekistan.
- C1You must pay a deposit of one month’s rent before you move into the flat.
B1phrasal verb14
scrape off
to remove something from a surface by rubbing with a sharp edge
Synonymsremoverub offscratch off
🇺🇿qirib olmoq
🇷🇺соскребать
- B1I had to scrape the ice off my car this morning.
- B2Please scrape off the mud from your shoes before you come inside.
- C1Let the pan soak before you try to scrape off the burnt rice.
B1adjective15
shallow
not deep (opposite: deep)
Synonymsnot deeplowsuperficial
🇺🇿sayoz
🇷🇺мелкий, неглубокий
- B1Cook the eggs in a shallow pan with a little oil.
- B2The water here is shallow, so it’s safe for small children to swim.
- C1Their friendship felt shallow, as they only talked about clothes and celebrities.
C1verb16
immerse
to put something completely under a liquid; to involve yourself deeply (immerse yourself in)
Synonymssubmergedipplunge
🇺🇿botirmoq; berilib ketmoq
🇷🇺погружать
- B1He immersed himself in the video game for hours.
- B2Immerse the vegetables in boiling water for two minutes before serving them.
- C1Living with a local family helped her immerse herself in the language quickly.
B1noun17
procedure
a set of actions done in a fixed order
Synonymsprocessmethodtechnique
🇺🇿jarayon, tartib
🇷🇺процедура
- B1Getting a passport is a long procedure with many forms.
- B2Please follow the correct procedure if there is a fire in the building.
- C1The dentist explained the procedure clearly, so I didn’t feel nervous at all.
C1verb18
detect
to notice or discover something that is not easy to see
Synonymsdiscoveridentifyspot
🇺🇿aniqlamoq, payqamoq
🇷🇺обнаруживать
- B1Dogs can detect smells that humans cannot notice at all.
- B2My phone can detect my face even in the dark.
- C1Mums can detect a lie from their children just by looking at their eyes.
B2verb19
determine
to find out or decide something officially
Synonymsestablishascertaindecide
🇺🇿aniqlamoq, belgilamoq
🇷🇺определять
- B1Your exam results will determine which university you can join.
- B2The weather will determine whether we can have the picnic tomorrow.
- C1How much sleep you get often determines your mood for the whole day.
B1adjective20
vertical
going straight up or down (opposite: horizontal)
Synonymsuprightperpendicularstraight up
🇺🇿vertikal, tik
🇷🇺вертикальный
- B1The poster looks better in a vertical position on the wall.
- B2The climbers slowly made their way up the vertical wall of rock.
- C1Most people watch videos in vertical format now, holding their phones upright.
B1adjective21
horizontal
flat and level, parallel to the ground
Synonymsflatlevelsideways
🇺🇿gorizontal
🇷🇺горизонтальный
- B1Draw a horizontal line across the middle of the page.
- B2Turn your phone horizontal to watch the film on a bigger screen.
- C1Hang the shelf perfectly horizontal, or your books will slide off.
B1phrase22
a series of
several things of the same kind happening one after another
Synonymsa sequence ofa succession ofa number of
- B1I had a series of bad days at work last week.
- B2The police asked him a series of difficult questions about the robbery.
- C1After a series of small arguments, the two flatmates finally sat down and talked.
B1preposition23
via
by means of; through or by way of a place
Synonymsthroughby way ofby means of
🇺🇿orqali
🇷🇺через, посредством
- B1I sent the photos to my aunt via WhatsApp.
- B2We flew to London via Istanbul because it was cheaper.
- C1Most students now pay for their bus tickets via an app on their phones.
B2adjective24
rotating
turning around a central point (verb: rotate)
Synonymsturningspinningrevolving
🇺🇿aylanuvchi
🇷🇺вращающийся
- B1The rotating fan helps to keep the classroom cool in summer.
- B2The restaurant has a rotating floor with views of the city.
- C1Our office has a rotating schedule, so everyone works one Saturday a month.
B1phrasal verb25
consist of
to be made of or formed from (never passive, not continuous)
Synonymsbe made up ofcomprisebe composed of
🇺🇿… dan iborat bo‘lmoq
🇷🇺состоять из
- B1Our team consists of five students from different countries.
- B2A traditional breakfast here consists of bread, tea and cheese.
- C1My weekend usually consists of sleeping late, seeing friends and doing homework.
C1noun26
condensation
the process of gas turning into liquid; small drops of water on a cold surface
Synonymsliquefactionmoisturewater droplets
🇺🇿kondensatsiya
🇷🇺конденсация
- B1There was condensation on my glass of cold lemonade.
- B2In winter, condensation forms on the inside of our windows every morning.
- C1Open the bathroom window after a shower to reduce condensation and mould.
B1verb / noun27
filter
to pass a liquid through something to remove unwanted substances
Synonymsstrainsievepurify
🇺🇿filtrlamoq, suzmoq
🇷🇺фильтровать
- B1Coffee tastes better when you use a paper filter.
- B2We filter our tap water before drinking it because it tastes better.
- C1I filter my emails so that advertisements go straight into a separate folder.
C1adjective / noun28
excess
more than is needed or allowed (excess water / weight; in excess of)
Synonymssurplusextrasuperfluous
🇺🇿ortiqcha
🇷🇺избыточный, лишний
- B1Cut the excess fat off the meat before you cook it.
- B2Eating an excess of sugar is bad for your teeth and your health.
- C1Airlines charge a lot for excess luggage, so I always pack light.
B1verb29
sort
to arrange things into groups by type or size (sort according to / into)
Synonymsclassifyorganisegroup
- B1Can you help me sort these old clothes for the charity shop?
- B2Please sort your rubbish into plastic, paper and glass before throwing it away.
- C1I sort my photos into folders every month, or my phone becomes chaos.
C1noun30
specification
a detailed description of how something must be made or what it must be like
Synonymsrequirementstandarddetail
🇺🇿texnik talab, xususiyat
🇷🇺техническое требование
- B1Check the specifications before buying a new laptop online.
- B2The engineer checked the specifications of the new machine before buying it.
- C1The flat didn’t match the specification in the advert, so we didn’t rent it.