Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
The sun produces an enormous amount of energy every single day, far more than the entire world could ever use. For a long time, humans had no practicalpractical (adj)Useful and effective in real, everyday situations.≈ Synonym: useful, workable🇺🇿UZ: amaliy🇷🇺RU: практичный way to capturecapture (verb)To catch or collect something, such as energy, for later use.≈ Synonym: to catch, to collect🇺🇿UZ: tutib olmoq, jamg'armoq🇷🇺RU: улавливать, захватывать this energy, but that has changed thanks to solar power technology. Today, solar panelspanel (noun)A flat piece of material, e.g. one that collects sunlight.🇺🇿UZ: panel🇷🇺RU: панель can be found on rooftopsrooftop (noun)The tops or roofs of buildings.≈ Synonym: roofs of buildings🇺🇿UZ: tomlar🇷🇺RU: крыши, in open fieldsfield (noun)An area of open land, often used for farming.🇺🇿UZ: dala🇷🇺RU: поле, and even attached to satellitessatellite (noun)Man-made objects sent into space to orbit the Earth.≈ Synonym: objects orbiting Earth🇺🇿UZ: sun'iy yo'ldoshlar🇷🇺RU: спутники orbiting the Earth.
Solar panels work by convertingconvert (verb)Changing something from one form into another.≈ Synonym: changing into another form🇺🇿UZ: aylantirish🇷🇺RU: преобразование sunlight directlydirectly (adv)Without anything in between.≈ Synonym: straight🇺🇿UZ: to'g'ridan-to'g'ri🇷🇺RU: напрямую into electricity. Each panel contains many small units called solar cellssolar cellSmall devices that turn sunlight into electricity.≈ Synonym: photovoltaic units🇺🇿UZ: quyosh elementlari🇷🇺RU: солнечные элементы, which are usually made from a material called siliconsilicon (noun)A chemical element commonly used to make solar cells and computer chips.≈ Synonym: element used in solar cells🇺🇿UZ: kremniy🇷🇺RU: кремний. When sunlight hitshit (verb)To touch something with force.≈ Synonym: strike🇺🇿UZ: urilmoq, tushmoq🇷🇺RU: попадать, ударять these cells, it knocks electronselectron (noun)Tiny particles that carry electric charge.≈ Synonym: charged particles🇺🇿UZ: elektronlar🇷🇺RU: электроны loose, creating an electric currentelectric currentA flow of electricity through a wire or material.≈ Synonym: flow of electricity🇺🇿UZ: elektr toki🇷🇺RU: электрический ток. This process, known as the photovoltaic effectphotovoltaic effectThe process by which sunlight is turned directly into electricity.≈ Synonym: sunlight-to-electricity process🇺🇿UZ: fotoelektrik effekt🇷🇺RU: фотоэлектрический эффект, allows the panel to generategenerate (verb)To produce or create something, such as electricity.≈ Synonym: to produce🇺🇿UZ: ishlab chiqarmoq🇷🇺RU: вырабатывать usable electricity without burning any fuelfuel (noun)A material burned to produce energy, such as coal or gasoline.≈ Synonym: energy source that is burned🇺🇿UZ: yoqilg'i🇷🇺RU: топливо.
Solar energy has grown rapidlyrapidly (adv)Very quickly.≈ Synonym: quickly🇺🇿UZ: tez sur'atda🇷🇺RU: быстро in recent years for several reasons. The cost of producing solar panels has dropped significantlydropped significantlyDecreased by a large and noticeable amount.≈ Synonym: decreased a lot🇺🇿UZ: sezilarli darajada tushdi🇷🇺RU: значительно снизилась, making them more affordableaffordable (adj)Not too expensive; able to be bought without financial difficulty.≈ Synonym: reasonably priced🇺🇿UZ: arzon, qulay narxli🇷🇺RU: доступный по цене for homes and businesses. Governments in many countries also offer financial supportfinancial supportMoney given to help pay for something.≈ Synonym: monetary help🇺🇿UZ: moliyaviy yordam🇷🇺RU: финансовая поддержка to encourageencourage (verb)To give someone support or confidence to do something.≈ Synonym: motivate🇺🇿UZ: rag'batlantirmoq🇷🇺RU: поощрять, побуждать people to switchswitch (verb)To change from one thing to another.≈ Synonym: change🇺🇿UZ: o'tmoq, almashtirmoq🇷🇺RU: переходить, переключаться to renewable energyrenewable energyEnergy from sources that do not run out, such as the sun or wind.≈ Synonym: clean, endless energy sources🇺🇿UZ: qayta tiklanadigan energiya🇷🇺RU: возобновляемая энергия. In addition, solar power produces no harmful emissionsemission (noun)Gases or substances released into the air, often harmful.≈ Synonym: released harmful gases🇺🇿UZ: chiqindilar, emissiyalar🇷🇺RU: выбросы once it is installedinstall (verb)To put equipment in place so it can be used.≈ Synonym: set up🇺🇿UZ: o'rnatmoq🇷🇺RU: устанавливать, making it an attractiveattractive (adj)Appealing or desirable.≈ Synonym: appealing, desirable🇺🇿UZ: jozibali🇷🇺RU: привлекательный choice for reducing pollutionpollution (noun)Damage to air, water or land by harmful substances.≈ Synonym: contamination🇺🇿UZ: ifloslanish🇷🇺RU: загрязнение.
Despite its many benefits, solar power still faces real limitationslimitation (noun)Restrictions or weaknesses that limit what something can do.≈ Synonym: restrictions, weaknesses🇺🇿UZ: cheklovlar🇷🇺RU: ограничения. Panels only generate electricity when sunlight is available, so they produce little or no power at night or during cloudy weathercloudy weatherWeather with clouds covering the sky, blocking sunlight.≈ Synonym: overcast conditions🇺🇿UZ: bulutli havo🇷🇺RU: облачная погода. Storingstore (verb)Keeping something safe for use at a later time.≈ Synonym: keeping for later use🇺🇿UZ: saqlash🇷🇺RU: хранение extraextra (adj)More than usual or needed.≈ Synonym: additional🇺🇿UZ: qo'shimcha🇷🇺RU: дополнительный energy for later use requires batteriesbattery (noun)Devices that store electrical energy for later use.≈ Synonym: energy-storing devices🇺🇿UZ: batareyalar🇷🇺RU: батареи, which can be expensive. Solar farms also require large amounts of landland (noun)An area of ground.≈ Synonym: ground🇺🇿UZ: yer🇷🇺RU: земля, which can sometimes competecompete (verb)To try to gain something that others also want, such as land.≈ Synonym: to rival, to contend🇺🇿UZ: raqobatlashmoq🇷🇺RU: конкурировать with farming or natural habitatshabitat (noun)The natural environments where animals or plants normally live.≈ Synonym: natural living environments🇺🇿UZ: yashash muhiti🇷🇺RU: среда обитания.
Even with these challenges, solar power continues to expandexpand (verb)To grow larger or increase in size or range.≈ Synonym: to grow, to increase🇺🇿UZ: kengaymoq🇷🇺RU: расширяться around the world, and engineers are constantly working to make panels more efficientefficient (adj)Working well without wasting energy, time, or resources.≈ Synonym: effective, not wasteful🇺🇿UZ: samarali🇷🇺RU: эффективный. As technology improves and storage solutionsstorage solutionsMethods or technologies used for keeping energy for later use.≈ Synonym: ways to store energy🇺🇿UZ: saqlash yechimlari🇷🇺RU: решения для хранения get better, solar energy is likely to become an even bigger part of how the world meets its growing demanddemand (noun)The amount of something that people want or need.≈ Synonym: need, requirement🇺🇿UZ: talab🇷🇺RU: спрос for clean electricityclean electricityElectricity produced without creating harmful pollution.≈ Synonym: pollution-free power🇺🇿UZ: toza elektr energiyasi🇷🇺RU: чистая электроэнергия.
In your own words, write a short summary of what you just read (70–100 words). Don't copy sentences — explain the main ideas.
Every highlighted word from this story with its meaning in Uzbek 🇺🇿 and Russian 🇷🇺, and an example. Tap 🇬🇧 or 🇺🇸 to hear the word or the sentence in a British or American accent.
| # | 🇬🇧 | 🇺🇿 | 🇷🇺 | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | practicaladjective | amaliy | практичный | Trainers are more practical than high heels for walking. |
| 2 | captureverb | tutib olmoq, jamg'armoq | улавливать, захватывать | The photographer captured the moment perfectly. |
| 3 | panelnoun | panel | панель | We put solar panels on the roof of our house. |
| 4 | rooftopnoun | tomlar | крыши | We had dinner at a rooftop restaurant. |
| 5 | fieldnoun | dala | поле | Cows were eating grass in the field. |
| 6 | satellitenoun | sun'iy yo'ldoshlar | спутники | We get our TV signal from a satellite. |
| 7 | convertverb | aylantirish | преобразование | This machine converts old videos into digital files. |
| 8 | directlyadverb | to'g'ridan-to'g'ri | напрямую | This bus goes directly to the airport. |
| 9 | solar cell | quyosh elementlari | солнечные элементы | The calculator works on a tiny solar cell. |
| 10 | siliconnoun | kremniy | кремний | Computer chips are made of silicon. |
| 11 | hitverb | urilmoq, tushmoq | попадать, ударять | The ball hit the window and broke it. |
| 12 | electronnoun | elektronlar | электроны | Electrons are much smaller than atoms. |
| 13 | electric current | elektr toki | электрический ток | An electric current flows through the wire. |
| 14 | photovoltaic effect | fotoelektrik effekt | фотоэлектрический эффект | Solar panels work because of the photovoltaic effect. |
| 15 | generateverb | ishlab chiqarmoq | вырабатывать | The new dam will generate electricity for the region. |
| 16 | fuelnoun | yoqilg'i | топливо | Petrol is the most common fuel for cars. |
| 17 | rapidlyadverb | tez sur'atda | быстро | The number of students is increasing rapidly. |
| 18 | dropped significantly | sezilarli darajada tushdi | значительно снизилась | The price of laptops has dropped significantly. |
| 19 | affordableadjective | arzon, qulay narxli | доступный по цене | We're looking for an affordable flat near the university. |
| 20 | financial support | moliyaviy yordam | финансовая поддержка | The students receive financial support from the government. |
| 21 | encourageverb | rag'batlantirmoq | поощрять, побуждать | My parents encouraged me to learn English. |
| 22 | switchverb | o'tmoq, almashtirmoq | переходить, переключаться | I switched to a cheaper phone plan. |
| 23 | renewable energy | qayta tiklanadigan energiya | возобновляемая энергия | Uzbekistan is building new renewable energy plants. |
| 24 | emissionnoun | chiqindilar, emissiyalar | выбросы | Electric cars produce no emissions. |
| 25 | installverb | o'rnatmoq | устанавливать | We installed an air conditioner last summer. |
| 26 | attractiveadjective | jozibali | привлекательный | The job offer was very attractive. |
| 27 | pollutionnoun | ifloslanish | загрязнение | Cars are the main cause of air pollution in the city. |
| 28 | limitationnoun | cheklovlar | ограничения | Every method has its limitations. |
| 29 | cloudy weather | bulutli havo | облачная погода | Cloudy weather is expected for the whole weekend. |
| 30 | storeverb | saqlash | хранение | Store the medicine in a cool, dry place. |
| 31 | extraadjective | qo'shimcha | дополнительный | Take an extra jumper — it might get cold. |
| 32 | batterynoun | batareyalar | батареи | My phone battery dies very quickly. |
| 33 | landnoun | yer | земля | They bought some land to build a house. |
| 34 | competeverb | raqobatlashmoq | конкурировать | Local farmers can't compete with cheap imports. |
| 35 | habitatnoun | yashash muhiti | среда обитания | The river is a natural habitat for many birds. |
| 36 | expandverb | kengaymoq | расширяться | The airport is going to expand next year. |
| 37 | efficientadjective | samarali | эффективный | This new fridge is more energy efficient. |
| 38 | storage solutions | saqlash yechimlari | решения для хранения | We need better storage solutions for our small kitchen. |
| 39 | demandnoun | talab | спрос | There is a high demand for English teachers. |
| 40 | clean electricity | toza elektr energiyasi | чистая электроэнергия | Wind farms produce clean electricity. |