Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
The sun produces an enormous amountenormous amountA very large quantity of something.≈ Synonym: huge quantity🇺🇿UZ: ulkan miqdor🇷🇺RU: огромное количество of energy every single day, far more than the entire world could ever use. For a long time, humans had no practicalpractical (adj)Useful and effective in real, everyday situations.≈ Synonym: useful, workable🇺🇿UZ: amaliy🇷🇺RU: практичный way to capturecapture (verb)To catch or collect something, such as energy, for later use.≈ Synonym: to catch, to collect🇺🇿UZ: tutib olmoq, jamg'armoq🇷🇺RU: улавливать, захватывать this energy, but that has changed thanks to solar power technology. Today, solar panels can be found on rooftopsrooftop (noun)The tops or roofs of buildings.≈ Synonym: roofs of buildings🇺🇿UZ: tomlar🇷🇺RU: крыши, in open fields, and even attached to satellitessatellite (noun)Man-made objects sent into space to orbit the Earth.≈ Synonym: objects orbiting Earth🇺🇿UZ: sun'iy yo'ldoshlar🇷🇺RU: спутники orbiting the Earth.
Solar panels work by convertingconvert (verb)Changing something from one form into another.≈ Synonym: changing into another form🇺🇿UZ: aylantirish🇷🇺RU: преобразование sunlight directly into electricity. Each panel contains many small units called solar cellssolar cellSmall devices that turn sunlight into electricity.≈ Synonym: photovoltaic units🇺🇿UZ: quyosh elementlari🇷🇺RU: солнечные элементы, which are usually made from a material called siliconsilicon (noun)A chemical element commonly used to make solar cells and computer chips.≈ Synonym: element used in solar cells🇺🇿UZ: kremniy🇷🇺RU: кремний. When sunlight hits these cells, it knocks electronselectron (noun)Tiny particles that carry electric charge.≈ Synonym: charged particles🇺🇿UZ: elektronlar🇷🇺RU: электроны loose, creating an electric currentelectric currentA flow of electricity through a wire or material.≈ Synonym: flow of electricity🇺🇿UZ: elektr toki🇷🇺RU: электрический ток. This process, known as the photovoltaic effectphotovoltaic effectThe process by which sunlight is turned directly into electricity.≈ Synonym: sunlight-to-electricity process🇺🇿UZ: fotoelektrik effekt🇷🇺RU: фотоэлектрический эффект, allows the panel to generategenerate (verb)To produce or create something, such as electricity.≈ Synonym: to produce🇺🇿UZ: ishlab chiqarmoq🇷🇺RU: вырабатывать usable electricity without burning any fuelfuel (noun)A material burned to produce energy, such as coal or gasoline.≈ Synonym: energy source that is burned🇺🇿UZ: yoqilg'i🇷🇺RU: топливо.
Solar energy has grown rapidlyrapidly (adv)Very quickly.≈ Synonym: quickly🇺🇿UZ: tez sur'atda🇷🇺RU: быстро in recent years for several reasons. The cost of producing solar panels has dropped significantlydropped significantlyDecreased by a large and noticeable amount.≈ Synonym: decreased a lot🇺🇿UZ: sezilarli darajada tushdi🇷🇺RU: значительно снизилась, making them more affordableaffordable (adj)Not too expensive; able to be bought without financial difficulty.≈ Synonym: reasonably priced🇺🇿UZ: arzon, qulay narxli🇷🇺RU: доступный по цене for homes and businesses. Governments in many countries also offer financial supportfinancial supportMoney given to help pay for something.≈ Synonym: monetary help🇺🇿UZ: moliyaviy yordam🇷🇺RU: финансовая поддержка to encourage people to switch to renewable energyrenewable energyEnergy from sources that do not run out, such as the sun or wind.≈ Synonym: clean, endless energy sources🇺🇿UZ: qayta tiklanadigan energiya🇷🇺RU: возобновляемая энергия. In addition, solar power produces no harmful emissionsemission (noun)Gases or substances released into the air, often harmful.≈ Synonym: released harmful gases🇺🇿UZ: chiqindilar, emissiyalar🇷🇺RU: выбросы once it is installed, making it an attractiveattractive (adj)Appealing or desirable.≈ Synonym: appealing, desirable🇺🇿UZ: jozibali🇷🇺RU: привлекательный choice for reducing pollutionpollution (noun)Harmful substances that damage the air, water, or environment.≈ Synonym: environmental contamination🇺🇿UZ: ifloslanish🇷🇺RU: загрязнение.
Despite its many benefits, solar power still faces real limitationslimitation (noun)Restrictions or weaknesses that limit what something can do.≈ Synonym: restrictions, weaknesses🇺🇿UZ: cheklovlar🇷🇺RU: ограничения. Panels only generate electricity when sunlight is available, so they produce little or no power at night or during cloudy weathercloudy weatherWeather with clouds covering the sky, blocking sunlight.≈ Synonym: overcast conditions🇺🇿UZ: bulutli havo🇷🇺RU: облачная погода. Storingstore (verb)Keeping something safe for use at a later time.≈ Synonym: keeping for later use🇺🇿UZ: saqlash🇷🇺RU: хранение extra energy for later use requires batteriesbattery (noun)Devices that store electrical energy for later use.≈ Synonym: energy-storing devices🇺🇿UZ: batareyalar🇷🇺RU: батареи, which can be expensive. Solar farms also require large amounts of land, which can sometimes competecompete (verb)To try to gain something that others also want, such as land.≈ Synonym: to rival, to contend🇺🇿UZ: raqobatlashmoq🇷🇺RU: конкурировать with farming or natural habitatshabitat (noun)The natural environments where animals or plants normally live.≈ Synonym: natural living environments🇺🇿UZ: yashash muhiti🇷🇺RU: среда обитания.
Even with these challenges, solar power continues to expandexpand (verb)To grow larger or increase in size or range.≈ Synonym: to grow, to increase🇺🇿UZ: kengaymoq🇷🇺RU: расширяться around the world, and engineers are constantly working to make panels more efficientefficient (adj)Working well without wasting energy, time, or resources.≈ Synonym: effective, not wasteful🇺🇿UZ: samarali🇷🇺RU: эффективный. As technology improves and storage solutionsstorage solutionsMethods or technologies used for keeping energy for later use.≈ Synonym: ways to store energy🇺🇿UZ: saqlash yechimlari🇷🇺RU: решения для хранения get better, solar energy is likely to become an even bigger part of how the world meets its growing demanddemand (noun)The amount of something that people want or need.≈ Synonym: need, requirement🇺🇿UZ: talab🇷🇺RU: спрос for clean electricityclean electricityElectricity produced without creating harmful pollution.≈ Synonym: pollution-free power🇺🇿UZ: toza elektr energiyasi🇷🇺RU: чистая электроэнергия.