Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
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Every year, millions of birds travel incredible distances between their breeding groundsbreeding groundThe area where animals go to mate and raise their young.≈ Synonym: nesting areas🇺🇿UZ: urchish joylari🇷🇺RU: места гнездования and their winter homes. This journey is called migrationmigration (noun)The regular movement of animals from one region to another, often with the seasons.≈ Synonym: seasonal journey🇺🇿UZ: migratsiya, ko'chish🇷🇺RU: миграция. Some species, like the Arctic ternArctic ternA small seabird famous for its extremely long yearly migration.≈ Synonym: migratory seabird🇺🇿UZ: arktika chag'aloqi🇷🇺RU: полярная крачка, fly more than 70,000 kilometers in a single year, traveling from the Arctic to Antarctica and back again. Migration is one of the most impressiveimpressive (adj)Causing admiration because of size, skill, or quality.≈ Synonym: remarkable🇺🇿UZ: hayratlanarli, ta'sirli🇷🇺RU: впечатляющий behaviors found in the animal kingdomanimal kingdomAll animals considered together as a group.≈ Synonym: animal world🇺🇿UZ: hayvonot dunyosi🇷🇺RU: животный мир.
Birds migrate mainly to find food and better weather. In autumn, as temperatures droptemperature dropWhen the temperature becomes colder.≈ Synonym: cooling temperatures🇺🇿UZ: harorat pasayadi🇷🇺RU: температура падает and food becomes scarcescarce (adj)Not enough of something; hard to find.≈ Synonym: limited🇺🇿UZ: kam, tanqis🇷🇺RU: дефицитный, скудный in northern regions, many birds fly south to warmer places where insects, seeds, and fruit are still plentifulplentiful (adj)Available in large amounts.≈ Synonym: abundant🇺🇿UZ: mo'l-ko'l🇷🇺RU: обильный. When spring returns, they fly back north to breedbreed (verb)To produce young; to reproduce.≈ Synonym: reproduce🇺🇿UZ: urchimoq, nasl qoldirmoq🇷🇺RU: размножаться, since longer days and fresh vegetationvegetation (noun)Plants in general, especially those in a particular area.≈ Synonym: plant life🇺🇿UZ: o'simliklar🇷🇺RU: растительность make it easier to raise chicksraise chicksTo care for baby birds until they grow up.≈ Synonym: rear young birds🇺🇿UZ: jo'jalarni voyaga yetkazish🇷🇺RU: выращивать птенцов.
Scientists are still studying exactly how birds find their way across such long distances, but they have discovered several methods birds use to navigatenavigate (verb)To find one's way from one place to another.≈ Synonym: find one's way🇺🇿UZ: yo'l topmoq, mo'ljal olmoq🇷🇺RU: ориентироваться. Many species can sense the Earth's magnetic fieldmagnetic fieldAn invisible force around the Earth that affects compasses and some animals.≈ Synonym: Earth's magnetism🇺🇿UZ: magnit maydoni🇷🇺RU: магнитное поле, which acts like an internal compassinternal compassA natural, built-in sense of direction.≈ Synonym: built-in sense of direction🇺🇿UZ: ichki kompas🇷🇺RU: внутренний компас. Others use the position of the sun and stars to stay on course. Some birds also memorize landmarkslandmark (noun)Recognizable features of the land used to find one's way.≈ Synonym: geographic markers🇺🇿UZ: mo'ljal nuqtalari🇷🇺RU: ориентиры, such as rivers, coastlinescoastline (noun)The line where land meets the sea.≈ Synonym: shorelines🇺🇿UZ: qirg'oq chizig'i🇷🇺RU: береговая линия, and mountains, from previous journeys.
Despite these remarkableremarkable (adj)Worthy of attention because it is unusual or impressive.≈ Synonym: extraordinary🇺🇿UZ: ajoyib🇷🇺RU: замечательный skills, migration is extremely dangerous. Birds may face severe stormssevere stormVery strong and dangerous weather events.≈ Synonym: violent storms🇺🇿UZ: kuchli bo'ronlar🇷🇺RU: сильные бури, exhaustionexhaustion (noun)Extreme tiredness.≈ Synonym: extreme fatigue🇺🇿UZ: charchoq, holsizlik🇷🇺RU: изнеможение, and a lack of food along the way. Many also collidecollide (verb)To crash together with force.≈ Synonym: crash🇺🇿UZ: to'qnashmoq🇷🇺RU: сталкиваться with buildings, power linespower lineCables that carry electricity, often strung between poles.≈ Synonym: electric cables🇺🇿UZ: elektr liniyalari🇷🇺RU: линии электропередачи, or wind turbineswind turbineTall machines with spinning blades that generate electricity from wind.≈ Synonym: wind generators🇺🇿UZ: shamol turbinalari🇷🇺RU: ветряные турбины lit up at night. Habitat losshabitat lossThe destruction of the natural environment where animals live.≈ Synonym: loss of natural habitat🇺🇿UZ: yashash muhitining yo'qolishi🇷🇺RU: утрата среды обитания makes the journey even harder, since birds need safe resting spots to refuelrefuel (verb)To take in more food or fuel before continuing a journey.≈ Synonym: restock energy🇺🇿UZ: kuch to'plash, oziqlanish🇷🇺RU: восполнять запасы before continuing their flight.
To help migrating birds survive, conservationistsconservationist (noun)People who work to protect nature and wildlife.≈ Synonym: nature protectors🇺🇿UZ: tabiatni muhofaza qiluvchilar🇷🇺RU: защитники природы are working to protect key resting sitesresting sitePlaces where migrating animals stop to rest and recover.≈ Synonym: stopover spots🇺🇿UZ: dam olish joylari🇷🇺RU: места отдыха and reduce light pollutionlight pollutionExcess artificial light at night that disturbs animals and darkness.≈ Synonym: excess artificial light🇺🇿UZ: yorug'lik ifloslanishi🇷🇺RU: световое загрязнение in cities. Simple actions, like turning off unnecessary lights during migration season, can save countlesscountless (adj)Too many to be counted.≈ Synonym: numerous🇺🇿UZ: son-sanoqsiz🇷🇺RU: бесчисленный birds. Understanding and protecting these incredible journeys helps ensure that future generations can witnesswitness (verb)To see something happen personally.≈ Synonym: see firsthand🇺🇿UZ: guvoh bo'lmoq🇷🇺RU: стать свидетелем this natural wondernatural wonderAn amazing sight created by nature.≈ Synonym: marvel of nature🇺🇿UZ: tabiat mo'jizasi🇷🇺RU: чудо природы.