Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
A food allergyallergy (noun)A harmful immune reaction to a normally harmless substance.≈ Synonym: hypersensitivity🇺🇿UZ: allergiya🇷🇺RU: аллергия occursoccur (verb)Happens or takes place.≈ Synonym: happens🇺🇿UZ: sodir bo'lmoq🇷🇺RU: происходить when the body's immune systemimmune system (noun)The body's defence system against disease.≈ Synonym: body's defences🇺🇿UZ: immunitet tizimi🇷🇺RU: иммунная система mistakenlymistakenly (adverb)In a way that is incorrect due to an error.≈ Synonym: incorrectly🇺🇿UZ: xato bilan, adashib🇷🇺RU: ошибочно identifiesidentify (verb)To recognise what something is.≈ Synonym: recognise🇺🇿UZ: aniqlamoq, tanimoq🇷🇺RU: определять, распознавать a harmlessharmless (adj)Not able to cause damage or injury.≈ Synonym: safe🇺🇿UZ: zararsiz🇷🇺RU: безвредный food as a threatthreat (noun)Something perceived as dangerous.≈ Synonym: danger🇺🇿UZ: tahdid🇷🇺RU: угроза and reacts as though it were dangerous. This reactionreaction (noun)A response to a stimulus, such as a substance.≈ Synonym: response🇺🇿UZ: reaksiya🇷🇺RU: реакция can range from mild symptomssymptom (noun)Signs indicating the presence of a condition.≈ Synonym: signs🇺🇿UZ: belgi, alomat🇷🇺RU: симптом, such as an itchyitchy (adj)Making you want to scratch your skin.🇺🇿UZ: qichishadigan🇷🇺RU: зудящий mouth or mild rashrash (noun)An area of red, irritated skin.≈ Synonym: skin irritation🇺🇿UZ: toshma🇷🇺RU: сыпь, to a severesevere (adj)Very serious or bad.≈ Synonym: serious🇺🇿UZ: og'ir, jiddiy🇷🇺RU: тяжёлый, сильный and life-threateninglife-threatening (adj)Capable of causing death.≈ Synonym: fatal🇺🇿UZ: hayot uchun xavfli🇷🇺RU: опасный для жизни reaction called anaphylaxisanaphylaxis (noun)A severe, potentially fatal allergic reaction.≈ Synonym: severe allergic shock🇺🇿UZ: anafilaksiya (kuchli allergik shok)🇷🇺RU: анафилаксия, which can affect breathing and requires immediateimmediate (adj)Happening now, without delay.≈ Synonym: instant🇺🇿UZ: zudlik bilan, darhol🇷🇺RU: немедленный emergencyemergency (adj)Relating to a sudden, serious situation.≈ Synonym: urgent🇺🇿UZ: shoshilinch, favqulodda🇷🇺RU: экстренный treatment.
Some foods are far more likelylikely (adj)Probable; expected to happen.≈ Synonym: probable🇺🇿UZ: ehtimoli bor🇷🇺RU: вероятный to cause allergic reactions than others. In many countries, the most common triggerstrigger (noun)Things that cause a particular reaction.≈ Synonym: causes🇺🇿UZ: qo'zg'atuvchi omil🇷🇺RU: провоцирующий фактор include peanuts, tree nuts, milk, eggs, shellfishshellfish (noun)Sea creatures with a shell, such as crabs or mussels.≈ Synonym: crustaceans🇺🇿UZ: qisqichbaqasimonlar🇷🇺RU: моллюски, and wheat. Interestingly, ratesrate (noun)Measures of how often something occurs.≈ Synonym: frequencies🇺🇿UZ: darajasi, ko'rsatkich🇷🇺RU: уровень, показатель of food allergies have been rising in many parts of the world over recent decades, particularly among children, though scientists are still working to fully understand why this increaseincrease (noun)A rise in amount or level.≈ Synonym: rise🇺🇿UZ: o'sish🇷🇺RU: рост is happening.
Diagnosingdiagnose (verb)To find out what illness someone has.≈ Synonym: identify🇺🇿UZ: tashxis qo'ymoq🇷🇺RU: ставить диагноз a food allergy usually involves a combination of a detailed medical historyhistory (noun)A record of past events, e.g. relating to health.≈ Synonym: record🇺🇿UZ: kasallik tarixi (tibbiy)🇷🇺RU: история болезни, анамнез, skin-prickskin-prick test (noun)A test that checks for allergic reactions on the skin.≈ Synonym: allergy skin test🇺🇿UZ: teriga igna bilan allergiya sinovi🇷🇺RU: кожная проба (скарификационный тест) tests, and sometimes blood tests that measure the immune system's response to specific foods. In some cases, doctors may also carry out a supervisedsupervised (adj)Watched by someone responsible.≈ Synonym: monitored🇺🇿UZ: nazorat ostidagi🇷🇺RU: под наблюдением food challengechallenge (noun)A supervised test where a patient eats a suspected allergen.≈ Synonym: supervised food test🇺🇿UZ: (tibbiy) nazorat ostidagi sinov🇷🇺RU: провокационная проба, where a patient eats small, carefully controlled amounts of a suspectedsuspected (adj)Believed to be something, but not proved.≈ Synonym: possible🇺🇿UZ: gumon qilingan🇷🇺RU: предполагаемый allergenallergen (noun)A substance that causes an allergy.🇺🇿UZ: allergen🇷🇺RU: аллерген under close medical observationobservation (noun)The action of closely watching something.≈ Synonym: monitoring🇺🇿UZ: kuzatuv🇷🇺RU: наблюдение.
Currently, there is no curecure (noun)A treatment that completely resolves an illness.≈ Synonym: remedy🇺🇿UZ: davo🇷🇺RU: лекарство (излечение) for food allergies, so the main approach to management is strict avoidanceavoidance (noun)The act of staying away from something.≈ Synonym: steering clear🇺🇿UZ: chetlab o'tish, qochish🇷🇺RU: избегание of the trigger food. This can be more difficult than it sounds, since allergens are sometimes present in unexpected products or introduced through cross-contamination during food preparationpreparation (noun)The process of making something ready.≈ Synonym: readying🇺🇿UZ: tayyorlash🇷🇺RU: приготовление. People with severe allergies often carry emergency medicationmedication (noun)Medicine used to treat illness.≈ Synonym: medicine🇺🇿UZ: dori🇷🇺RU: лекарство, such as an adrenalineadrenaline (noun)A hormone used as emergency medicine for severe reactions.≈ Synonym: epinephrine🇺🇿UZ: adrenalin🇷🇺RU: адреналин injector, in case of accidental exposureexposure (noun)Being in contact with something harmful.≈ Synonym: contact🇺🇿UZ: ta'sirga uchrash🇷🇺RU: воздействие, контакт.
Living with a food allergy affects far more than mealtimes. It can influence socialsocial (adj)Relating to activities with other people.≈ Synonym: communal🇺🇿UZ: ijtimoiy🇷🇺RU: социальный situations, travel, and school or workplace life, requiring constant awareness and careful planningplanning (noun)The process of deciding how to do something in advance.≈ Synonym: organising🇺🇿UZ: rejalashtirish🇷🇺RU: планирование. Fortunately, growing public awareness, clearer food labellinglabelling (noun)The information printed on product packaging.≈ Synonym: packaging information🇺🇿UZ: yorliqlash, tamg'alash🇷🇺RU: маркировка laws, and ongoing medical research into potential treatments are gradually making life somewhat easier and safer for people managing this often invisibleinvisible (adj)Not able to be seen.≈ Synonym: unseen🇺🇿UZ: ko'rinmas🇷🇺RU: невидимый but serious conditioncondition (noun)A state of health, whether good or bad.≈ Synonym: ailment🇺🇿UZ: kasallik, holat🇷🇺RU: заболевание, состояние.
In your own words, write a short summary of what you just read (90–120+ words). Don't copy sentences — explain the main ideas.
Every highlighted word from this story with its meaning in Uzbek 🇺🇿 and Russian 🇷🇺, and an example. Tap 🇬🇧 or 🇺🇸 to hear the word or the sentence in a British or American accent.
| # | 🇬🇧 | 🇺🇿 | 🇷🇺 | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | allergynoun | allergiya | аллергия | I have an allergy to cats. |
| 2 | occurverb | sodir bo'lmoq | происходить | The reaction usually occurs within minutes. |
| 3 | immune systemnoun | immunitet tizimi | иммунная система | Stress can weaken your immune system. |
| 4 | mistakenlyadverb | xato bilan, adashib | ошибочно | I mistakenly sent the message to my boss. |
| 5 | identifyverb | aniqlamoq, tanimoq | определять, распознавать | The app identifies plants from a photo. |
| 6 | harmlessadjective | zararsiz | безвредный | Most spiders are harmless. |
| 7 | threatnoun | tahdid | угроза | The body sees the food as a threat. |
| 8 | reactionnoun | reaksiya | реакция | She had a bad reaction to the medicine. |
| 9 | symptomnoun | belgi, alomat | симптом | Fever is a common symptom of flu. |
| 10 | itchyadjective | qichishadigan | зудящий | Mosquito bites are very itchy. |
| 11 | rashnoun | toshma | сыпь | He got a red rash after eating strawberries. |
| 12 | severeadjective | og'ir, jiddiy | тяжёлый, сильный | He has severe back pain. |
| 13 | life-threateningadjective | hayot uchun xavfli | опасный для жизни | A peanut allergy can be life-threatening. |
| 14 | anaphylaxisnoun | anafilaksiya (kuchli allergik shok) | анафилаксия | Anaphylaxis needs emergency treatment. |
| 15 | immediateadjective | zudlik bilan, darhol | немедленный | The problem needs immediate action. |
| 16 | emergencyadjective | shoshilinch, favqulodda | экстренный | He was taken to the emergency room. |
| 17 | likelyadjective | ehtimoli bor | вероятный | Children are more likely to have food allergies. |
| 18 | triggernoun | qo'zg'atuvchi omil | провоцирующий фактор | Dust is a common trigger for asthma. |
| 19 | shellfishnoun | qisqichbaqasimonlar | моллюски | Prawns and crabs are types of shellfish. |
| 20 | ratenoun | darajasi, ko'rsatkich | уровень, показатель | Rates of obesity are rising. |
| 21 | increasenoun | o'sish | рост | There has been an increase in prices. |
| 22 | diagnoseverb | tashxis qo'ymoq | ставить диагноз | The doctor diagnosed a broken arm. |
| 23 | historynoun | kasallik tarixi (tibbiy) | история болезни, анамнез | The doctor asked about my medical history. |
| 24 | skin-prick testnoun | teriga igna bilan allergiya sinovi | кожная проба (скарификационный тест) | A skin-prick test showed she was allergic to nuts. |
| 25 | supervisedadjective | nazorat ostidagi | под наблюдением | Children can swim only in supervised areas. |
| 26 | challengenoun | (tibbiy) nazorat ostidagi sinov | провокационная проба | The doctor did a food challenge to check the allergy. |
| 27 | suspectedadjective | gumon qilingan | предполагаемый | He was taken to hospital with a suspected heart attack. |
| 28 | allergennoun | allergen | аллерген | Pollen is a common allergen. |
| 29 | observationnoun | kuzatuv | наблюдение | The patient stayed in hospital for observation. |
| 30 | curenoun | davo | лекарство (излечение) | There is no cure for the common cold. |
| 31 | avoidancenoun | chetlab o'tish, qochish | избегание | Avoidance of sugar helped him lose weight. |
| 32 | preparationnoun | tayyorlash | приготовление | Food preparation takes a long time in Uzbek kitchens. |
| 33 | medicationnoun | dori | лекарство | Keep all medication away from children. |
| 34 | adrenalinenoun | adrenalin | адреналин | Adrenaline gives you energy when you're scared. |
| 35 | exposurenoun | ta'sirga uchrash | воздействие, контакт | Long exposure to the sun can damage your skin. |
| 36 | socialadjective | ijtimoiy | социальный | A party is a social event. |
| 37 | planningnoun | rejalashtirish | планирование | The trip needs careful planning. |
| 38 | labellingnoun | yorliqlash, tamg'alash | маркировка | Clear food labelling helps people with allergies. |
| 39 | invisibleadjective | ko'rinmas | невидимый | Some illnesses are invisible to other people. |
| 40 | conditionnoun | kasallik, holat | заболевание, состояние | Diabetes is a serious condition. |