Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
For centuriescentury (noun)Periods of one hundred years.≈ Synonym: hundred-year periods🇺🇿UZ: asrlar🇷🇺RU: века, people have used the power of the wind to grind graingrain (noun)Seeds from cereal plants used as food.≈ Synonym: cereal🇺🇿UZ: don🇷🇺RU: зерно, pump water, and push sailing shipssailing ship (noun)Ships powered by wind through sails.≈ Synonym: sailboats🇺🇿UZ: yelkanli kemalar🇷🇺RU: парусные корабли across the ocean. Today, that same natural force is being harnessedharness (verb)Controlled and used a natural resource for power.≈ Synonym: utilised🇺🇿UZ: jilovlangan🇷🇺RU: используется (о ресурсе) on a much larger scale, through wind turbineswind turbine (noun)Machines that generate electricity from wind.≈ Synonym: windmills🇺🇿UZ: shamol turbinalari🇷🇺RU: ветряные турбины that convert moving air into electricityelectricity (noun)A form of energy used to power devices.≈ Synonym: power🇺🇿UZ: elektr energiyasi🇷🇺RU: электричество. Wind power is now one of the fastest-growing sources of renewable energyrenewable energy (noun)Energy from sources that naturally replenish.≈ Synonym: clean energy🇺🇿UZ: qayta tiklanuvchi energiya🇷🇺RU: возобновляемая энергия in the world.
A wind turbineturbine (noun)A machine that produces power from a moving fluid.≈ Synonym: rotary engine🇺🇿UZ: turbina🇷🇺RU: турбина works on a simple principleprinciple (noun)A basic idea explaining how something works.≈ Synonym: concept🇺🇿UZ: printsip🇷🇺RU: принцип. Wind pushes against large bladesblade (noun)Flat parts of a turbine or fan that catch air.≈ Synonym: fan parts🇺🇿UZ: parraklar🇷🇺RU: лопасти attached to a central hub, causing them to rotaterotate (verb)To turn around a central point.≈ Synonym: spin🇺🇿UZ: aylanmoq🇷🇺RU: вращаться. This spinning motion turns a shaftshaft (noun)A long rotating rod that transmits power in a machine.≈ Synonym: rod🇺🇿UZ: val🇷🇺RU: вал connected to a generatorgenerator (noun)A machine that produces electricity.≈ Synonym: power source🇺🇿UZ: generator🇷🇺RU: генератор, which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The taller the turbine and the longer the blades, the more electricity it can typically generategenerate (verb)To produce or create something.≈ Synonym: produce🇺🇿UZ: ishlab chiqarmoq🇷🇺RU: производить, which is why modern turbines have grown far larger than early designs.
Wind farms — groups of turbines built together — are often located in places with strong, consistentconsistent (adj)Happening in the same way over time.≈ Synonym: steady🇺🇿UZ: izchil🇷🇺RU: постоянный winds, such as coastal areas, open plains, or offshore locations at sea. Offshore wind farms, built in the ocean, can take advantage of stronger and more reliablereliable (adj)Consistently good in quality or performance.≈ Synonym: dependable🇺🇿UZ: ishonchli🇷🇺RU: надёжный winds than land-based sites, although they are more expensiveexpensive (adj)Costing a lot of money.≈ Synonym: costly🇺🇿UZ: qimmat🇷🇺RU: дорогой to build and maintainmaintain (verb)To keep something in good working condition.≈ Synonym: service🇺🇿UZ: parvarish qilmoq🇷🇺RU: обслуживать.
One of the biggest advantagesadvantage (noun)Beneficial features of something.≈ Synonym: benefits🇺🇿UZ: afzalliklar🇷🇺RU: преимущества of wind power is that it produces electricityelectricity (noun)A form of energy used to power devices.≈ Synonym: power🇺🇿UZ: elektr energiyasi🇷🇺RU: электричество without burning fossil fuelsfossil fuel (noun)Fuels formed from ancient organic matter, like coal and oil.≈ Synonym: coal and oil🇺🇿UZ: qazilma yoqilg'i🇷🇺RU: ископаемое топливо, meaning it releases no carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide (noun)A gas produced by burning fuel, a cause of warming.≈ Synonym: CO2🇺🇿UZ: uglerod dioksidi🇷🇺RU: углекислый газ once built. This makes it an important tool in the fight against climate changeclimate change (noun)Long-term changes in Earth's climate patterns.≈ Synonym: global warming🇺🇿UZ: iqlim o'zgarishi🇷🇺RU: изменение климата. Wind power is also becoming increasingly cost-effectivecost-effective (adj)Producing good value for the money spent.≈ Synonym: economical🇺🇿UZ: tejamli🇷🇺RU: экономически выгодный, with pricesprice (noun)The amounts of money needed to buy something.≈ Synonym: costs🇺🇿UZ: narxlar🇷🇺RU: цены falling steadily as the technologytechnology (noun)Scientific knowledge used for practical purposes.≈ Synonym: tech🇺🇿UZ: texnologiya🇷🇺RU: технология has improvedimprove (verb)Became or made better.≈ Synonym: got better🇺🇿UZ: yaxshilangan🇷🇺RU: улучшилась.
However, wind power is not without challengeschallenge (noun)Difficult tasks or situations.≈ Synonym: difficulties🇺🇿UZ: qiyinchiliklar🇷🇺RU: трудности. Wind does not blow constantly, so turbines cannot generate electricity all the time, which means wind power usually needs to be combined with other energy sources or storagestorage (noun)The keeping of something for future use.≈ Synonym: stockpiling🇺🇿UZ: saqlash🇷🇺RU: хранение systems. Some people also raise concerns about the effect of turbines on birds and local landscapeslandscape (noun)Areas of land and their visible features.≈ Synonym: scenery🇺🇿UZ: landshaftlar🇷🇺RU: ландшафты. Despite these challenges, many countries continue to invest heavily in wind power as part of their plans to reduce dependencedependence (noun)The state of relying on something.≈ Synonym: reliance🇺🇿UZ: bog'liqlik🇷🇺RU: зависимость on fossil fuels.