Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
The world of work is changing fasterfast (adj)Moving or happening quickly; quicker.≈ Synonym: quicker🇺🇿UZ: tezroq🇷🇺RU: быстрее than ever before. In the past, most people worked in farmingfarming (noun)The practice of growing crops or raising animals.≈ Synonym: agriculture🇺🇿UZ: dehqonchilik🇷🇺RU: сельское хозяйство, factoriesfactory (noun)Buildings where goods are manufactured.≈ Synonym: plants🇺🇿UZ: fabrikalar🇷🇺RU: фабрики, or shops. Many stayed in the same job or company for their entireentire (adj)Whole; complete.≈ Synonym: whole🇺🇿UZ: butun🇷🇺RU: весь working life. Today, technologytechnology (noun)Scientific knowledge used for practical purposes.≈ Synonym: tech🇺🇿UZ: texnologiya🇷🇺RU: технология, globalisationglobalisation (noun)The process by which businesses operate internationally.≈ Synonym: global integration🇺🇿UZ: globallashuv🇷🇺RU: глобализация, and new ways of working are creating big changes in how people earn a living.
One of the biggest changes is the riserise (noun)An increase in amount or importance.≈ Synonym: growth🇺🇿UZ: o'sish🇷🇺RU: рост of technology. Computers, the internet, and smartphonessmartphone (noun)Mobile phones with advanced computing abilities.≈ Synonym: mobile devices🇺🇿UZ: smartfonlar🇷🇺RU: смартфоны have made it possible to work from almost anywhere. Many people now use emails, video calls, and online toolstool (noun)Items or software used to perform a task.≈ Synonym: instruments🇺🇿UZ: vositalar🇷🇺RU: инструменты to do their jobs. This means that employeesemployee (noun)People who work for a company.≈ Synonym: workers🇺🇿UZ: xodimlar🇷🇺RU: сотрудники can often work from home or while travelling. For some, this makes work more flexibleflexible (adj)Able to change or adapt easily.≈ Synonym: adaptable🇺🇿UZ: moslashuvchan🇷🇺RU: гибкий and enjoyableenjoyable (adj)Giving pleasure or satisfaction.≈ Synonym: pleasant🇺🇿UZ: yoqimli🇷🇺RU: приятный. For others, it can be stressfulstressful (adj)Causing mental or emotional strain.≈ Synonym: demanding🇺🇿UZ: stressli🇷🇺RU: стрессовый, as it becomes harder to separateseparate (verb)To keep two things apart.≈ Synonym: divide🇺🇿UZ: ajratmoq🇷🇺RU: разделять work from personal life.
Globalisation has also changed the world of work. Companies can now do business in many different countries. This has created new opportunitiesopportunity (noun)Chances to do something good or useful.≈ Synonym: chances🇺🇿UZ: imkoniyatlar🇷🇺RU: возможности for workers who have language skills or internationalinternational (adj)Involving more than one country.≈ Synonym: global🇺🇿UZ: xalqaro🇷🇺RU: международный experience. At the same time, it means that workers must competecompete (verb)To try to win or succeed against others.≈ Synonym: rival🇺🇿UZ: raqobatlashmoq🇷🇺RU: конкурировать with people from other parts of the world. This can put pressurepressure (noun)A feeling of stress caused by demands.≈ Synonym: strain🇺🇿UZ: bosim🇷🇺RU: давление on salariessalary (noun)Fixed regular payments for work.≈ Synonym: wages🇺🇿UZ: maoshlar🇷🇺RU: зарплаты and job securityjob security (noun)Confidence in keeping one's job.≈ Synonym: employment stability🇺🇿UZ: ish barqarorligi🇷🇺RU: гарантия занятости, especially in industries where companies try to lowerlower (verb)To reduce something in level or amount.≈ Synonym: reduce🇺🇿UZ: pasaytirmoq🇷🇺RU: снижать costs.
Another change is the rise of temporarytemporary (adj)Lasting for only a limited time.≈ Synonym: short-term🇺🇿UZ: vaqtinchalik🇷🇺RU: временный and part-timepart-time (adj)Working fewer hours than a full working week.≈ Synonym: reduced-hours🇺🇿UZ: yarim stavka🇷🇺RU: неполный рабочий день work. In the past, most jobs were full-timefull-time (adj)Working the standard number of hours per week.≈ Synonym: standard-hours🇺🇿UZ: to'liq stavka🇷🇺RU: полный рабочий день and permanentpermanent (adj)Lasting indefinitely; not temporary.≈ Synonym: lasting🇺🇿UZ: doimiy🇷🇺RU: постоянный. Today, more people work on short contractscontract (noun)Formal agreements about work or terms.≈ Synonym: agreements🇺🇿UZ: shartnomalar🇷🇺RU: контракты, part-time, or as freelancersfreelancer (noun)People who work independently for different clients.≈ Synonym: independent workers🇺🇿UZ: frilanserlar🇷🇺RU: фрилансеры. This gives workers more freedomfreedom (noun)The state of being free to act as one chooses.≈ Synonym: liberty🇺🇿UZ: erkinlik🇷🇺RU: свобода to choose when and how they work. However, it can also mean less job security and fewer benefitsbenefit (noun)Advantages provided as part of employment.≈ Synonym: perks🇺🇿UZ: imtiyozlar🇷🇺RU: льготы, such as paid holidays or pensionspension (noun)Regular payments made after retirement.≈ Synonym: retirement income🇺🇿UZ: pensiyalar🇷🇺RU: пенсии.
The future of work will likely bring even more changes. New technologies like artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence (noun)Computer systems able to perform tasks requiring intelligence.≈ Synonym: AI🇺🇿UZ: sun'iy intellekt🇷🇺RU: искусственный интеллект and robotsrobot (noun)Machines capable of performing tasks automatically.≈ Synonym: automated machines🇺🇿UZ: robotlar🇷🇺RU: роботы may replacereplace (verb)To take the place of something.≈ Synonym: substitute🇺🇿UZ: almashtirmoq🇷🇺RU: заменять some jobs, but they may also create new ones. To succeed, workers will need to keep learning new skills and be ready to adaptadapt (verb)To adjust to new conditions.≈ Synonym: adjust🇺🇿UZ: moslashmoq🇷🇺RU: адаптироваться.