Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
Plastic is everywhere in our daily livesdaily lifeThe ordinary activities and routines of everyday living.≈ Synonym: everyday life🇺🇿UZ: kundalik hayot🇷🇺RU: повседневная жизнь. We use it to make bags, bottles, packagingpackaging (noun)Materials used to wrap or contain products.≈ Synonym: wrapping material🇺🇿UZ: qadoqlash materiallari🇷🇺RU: упаковка, and many other things. Plastic is cheapcheap (adj)Costing little money; inexpensive.≈ Synonym: inexpensive🇺🇿UZ: arzon🇷🇺RU: дешёвый, lightlight (adj)Not heavy.🇺🇿UZ: yengil🇷🇺RU: лёгкий, and strong, which is why it became so popularpopular (adj)Liked or used by many people.≈ Synonym: widely used🇺🇿UZ: mashhur, ommabop🇷🇺RU: популярный. But plastic also has a seriousserious (adj)Bad or important enough to make people worry.≈ Synonym: grave🇺🇿UZ: jiddiy🇷🇺RU: серьёзный downsidedownside (noun)A disadvantage or negative aspect of something.≈ Synonym: drawback🇺🇿UZ: salbiy tomon, kamchilik🇷🇺RU: недостаток, минус: it is harmingharm (verb)Causing damage or injury to someone or something.≈ Synonym: damaging🇺🇿UZ: zarar yetkazmoqda🇷🇺RU: вредит, наносит вред the planetplanet (noun)A large object in space that moves around a star, such as the Earth.≈ Synonym: the Earth🇺🇿UZ: sayyora🇷🇺RU: планета in many ways.
One of the biggest problems with plastic is that it does not break downbreak down (verb)To decompose or be destroyed naturally over time.≈ Synonym: decompose🇺🇿UZ: parchalanmoq🇷🇺RU: разлагаться easily. A plastic bag, for example, can take hundreds of yearshundreds of years (phr)A very long time; several centuries.≈ Synonym: centuries🇺🇿UZ: yuzlab yillar🇷🇺RU: сотни лет to disappeardisappear (verb)To stop being visible or to cease existing.≈ Synonym: vanish🇺🇿UZ: yo'qolib ketmoq🇷🇺RU: исчезать. During this time, it can causecause (verb)To make something happen, usually something bad.≈ Synonym: lead to🇺🇿UZ: sabab bo'lmoq, keltirib chiqarmoq🇷🇺RU: вызывать, причинять great harm to nature. Many plastic itemsitem (noun)Individual objects or things, especially of a particular type.≈ Synonym: objects🇺🇿UZ: buyumlar, narsalar🇷🇺RU: предметы, изделия end up in riversriver (noun)A long, natural stream of water.🇺🇿UZ: daryo🇷🇺RU: река, lakes, and oceansocean (noun)Very large areas of sea.≈ Synonym: seas🇺🇿UZ: okeanlar🇷🇺RU: океаны. Sea animals, such as turtlesturtle (noun)A sea animal with a hard shell.🇺🇿UZ: toshbaqa (dengiz)🇷🇺RU: черепаха, fish, and birds, often mistakemistake (verb)To wrongly identify one thing as another.≈ Synonym: confuse (with)🇺🇿UZ: adashtirmoq, xato qilib qabul qilmoq🇷🇺RU: принимать по ошибке plastic for food. When they eat it, it can make them sicksick (adj)Unwell; suffering from an illness.≈ Synonym: ill🇺🇿UZ: kasal🇷🇺RU: больной or even cause them to die.
Plastic also breaks into tiny piecestiny pieceVery small parts or fragments of something.≈ Synonym: small fragments🇺🇿UZ: mayda bo'laklar🇷🇺RU: крошечные частицы called microplasticsmicroplastic (noun)Extremely small pieces of plastic found in the environment.≈ Synonym: tiny plastic particles🇺🇿UZ: mikroplastik🇷🇺RU: микропластик. These pieces are so small that they are hard to see, but they spreadspread (verb)To move outward and cover a wider area.≈ Synonym: extend, disperse🇺🇿UZ: tarqalmoq🇷🇺RU: распространяться everywhere — even in the air we breathebreathe (verb)To take air into and out of the lungs.≈ Synonym: inhale and exhale🇺🇿UZ: nafas olmoq🇷🇺RU: дышать and the food we eat. Scientistsscientist (noun)People who study and do research in a field of science.≈ Synonym: researchers🇺🇿UZ: olimlar🇷🇺RU: учёные are still studyingstudy (verb)Examining something carefully to learn more about it.≈ Synonym: researching, examining🇺🇿UZ: o'rganmoqda🇷🇺RU: изучают the effectseffect (noun)The results or changes caused by something.≈ Synonym: impacts, results🇺🇿UZ: ta'sirlar, oqibatlar🇷🇺RU: последствия, эффекты of microplastics on human healthhuman healthThe physical and mental condition and well-being of people.≈ Synonym: people's well-being🇺🇿UZ: inson salomatligi🇷🇺RU: здоровье человека, but they are a growinggrowing (adj)Becoming bigger or stronger.≈ Synonym: increasing🇺🇿UZ: o'sib borayotgan🇷🇺RU: растущий concernconcern (noun)A feeling of worry about something important.≈ Synonym: worry🇺🇿UZ: tashvish, xavotir🇷🇺RU: беспокойство, озабоченность.
So what can we do about plastic pollutionpollution (noun)Harmful substances that damage the air, water, or land.≈ Synonym: contamination🇺🇿UZ: ifloslanish🇷🇺RU: загрязнение? One important step is to use less plastic. Many people now carrycarry (verb)To hold something and take it with you.🇺🇿UZ: ko'tarib yurmoq, olib yurmoq🇷🇺RU: носить, нести reusablereusable (adj)Able to be used again instead of being thrown away.≈ Synonym: usable again🇺🇿UZ: qayta ishlatiladigan🇷🇺RU: многоразовый bags and bottles instead of single-usesingle-use (adj)Designed to be used only once and then thrown away.≈ Synonym: disposable🇺🇿UZ: bir martalik🇷🇺RU: одноразовый ones. Governmentsgovernment (noun)The groups of people with the authority to run a country or region.≈ Synonym: authorities🇺🇿UZ: hukumatlar🇷🇺RU: правительства and businesses are also working on solutionssolution (noun)Ways of solving a problem.≈ Synonym: answers, fixes🇺🇿UZ: yechimlar🇷🇺RU: решения, such as banningban (verb)Officially forbidding something.≈ Synonym: prohibiting🇺🇿UZ: taqiqlamoq🇷🇺RU: запрещать plastic strawsstraw (noun)Thin tubes used for drinking liquids.≈ Synonym: drinking tubes🇺🇿UZ: trubkachalar (ichish uchun)🇷🇺RU: трубочки (для питья) or creating packaging that is easier to recyclerecycle (verb)To process used materials so they can be used again.≈ Synonym: reprocess for reuse🇺🇿UZ: qayta ishlamoq🇷🇺RU: перерабатывать.
In the end, solving the problem of plastic pollution will take effort from everyone — governments, companies, and individualsindividual (noun)One person, not a group.≈ Synonym: person🇺🇿UZ: shaxs, alohida inson🇷🇺RU: отдельный человек. By making small changes in our daily lives, we can help protect nature and make the planet cleanerclean (adj)Not dirty.🇺🇿UZ: toza🇷🇺RU: чистый for future generations.
In your own words, write a short summary of what you just read (70–100 words). Don't copy sentences — explain the main ideas.
Every highlighted word from this story with its meaning in Uzbek 🇺🇿 and Russian 🇷🇺, and an example. Tap 🇬🇧 or 🇺🇸 to hear the word or the sentence in a British or American accent.
| # | 🇬🇧 | 🇺🇿 | 🇷🇺 | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | daily life | kundalik hayot | повседневная жизнь | Smartphones have changed our daily lives completely. |
| 2 | packagingnoun | qadoqlash materiallari | упаковка | Too much packaging ends up in the rubbish. |
| 3 | cheapadjective | arzon | дешёвый | Buses are a cheap way to travel around the city. |
| 4 | lightadjective | yengil | лёгкий | Take a light jacket — it might be cool tonight. |
| 5 | popularadjective | mashhur, ommabop | популярный | Football is the most popular sport in Uzbekistan. |
| 6 | seriousadjective | jiddiy | серьёзный | Air pollution is a serious problem in big cities. |
| 7 | downsidenoun | salbiy tomon, kamchilik | недостаток, минус | The only downside of the flat is the noise from the road. |
| 8 | harmverb | zarar yetkazmoqda | вредит, наносит вред | Too much sun can harm your skin. |
| 9 | planetnoun | sayyora | планета | We need to take better care of our planet. |
| 10 | break downverb | parchalanmoq | разлагаться | Food waste breaks down quickly in the soil. |
| 11 | hundreds of yearsphrase | yuzlab yillar | сотни лет | This bridge was built hundreds of years ago. |
| 12 | disappearverb | yo'qolib ketmoq | исчезать | The cat disappeared for two days and then came home. |
| 13 | causeverb | sabab bo'lmoq, keltirib chiqarmoq | вызывать, причинять | The storm caused a lot of damage. |
| 14 | itemnoun | buyumlar, narsalar | предметы, изделия | Please check every item on the shopping list. |
| 15 | rivernoun | daryo | река | The Amu Darya is the longest river in Central Asia. |
| 16 | oceannoun | okeanlar | океаны | Whales travel thousands of kilometres across the ocean. |
| 17 | turtlenoun | toshbaqa (dengiz) | черепаха | Sea turtles can live for over 50 years. |
| 18 | mistakeverb | adashtirmoq, xato qilib qabul qilmoq | принимать по ошибке | People often mistake my sister for me. |
| 19 | sickadjective | kasal | больной | I felt sick after eating too much cake. |
| 20 | tiny piece | mayda bo'laklar | крошечные частицы | The glass broke into tiny pieces. |
| 21 | microplasticnoun | mikroplastik | микропластик | Scientists have found microplastics in bottled water. |
| 22 | spreadverb | tarqalmoq | распространяться | The fire spread quickly through the dry grass. |
| 23 | breatheverb | nafas olmoq | дышать | It's hard to breathe when the air is so dusty. |
| 24 | scientistnoun | olimlar | учёные | Scientists are trying to find a cure for the disease. |
| 25 | studyverb | o'rganmoqda | изучают | She is studying the effects of sleep on memory. |
| 26 | effectnoun | ta'sirlar, oqibatlar | последствия, эффекты | Coffee has a strong effect on me — I can't sleep. |
| 27 | human health | inson salomatligi | здоровье человека | Air pollution is a danger to human health. |
| 28 | growingadjective | o'sib borayotgan | растущий | There is a growing interest in learning English. |
| 29 | concernnoun | tashvish, xavotir | беспокойство, озабоченность | The rising cost of food is a big concern for families. |
| 30 | pollutionnoun | ifloslanish | загрязнение | The river is full of pollution from the factory. |
| 31 | carryverb | ko'tarib yurmoq, olib yurmoq | носить, нести | I always carry a bottle of water. |
| 32 | reusableadjective | qayta ishlatiladigan | многоразовый | I always take a reusable bag when I go shopping. |
| 33 | single-useadjective | bir martalik | одноразовый | Many cafés have stopped using single-use cups. |
| 34 | governmentnoun | hukumatlar | правительства | The government plans to build more schools. |
| 35 | solutionnoun | yechimlar | решения | We need to find a solution to the traffic problem. |
| 36 | banverb | taqiqlamoq | запрещать | The city has banned cars from the old town. |
| 37 | strawnoun | trubkachalar (ichish uchun) | трубочки (для питья) | Can I have a paper straw, please? |
| 38 | recycleverb | qayta ishlamoq | перерабатывать | We recycle paper and glass at our school. |
| 39 | individualnoun | shaxs, alohida inson | отдельный человек | Every individual can help the environment. |
| 40 | cleanadjective | toza | чистый | The air is cleaner in the mountains. |