Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
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The Age of Exploration was a period of history when European sailorssailor (noun)People who work on ships at sea.≈ Synonym: seafarers🇺🇿UZ: dengizchilar🇷🇺RU: моряки and explorersexplorer (noun)People who travel to discover unknown places.≈ Synonym: adventurers🇺🇿UZ: sayohatchilar🇷🇺RU: исследователи set out to discoverdiscover (verb)To find or learn something for the first time.≈ Synonym: find🇺🇿UZ: kashf qilmoq🇷🇺RU: открывать new lands. This period began in the 15th century and continued into the 17th century. It changed the world in many ways, opening up new trade routestrade route (noun)Paths used to transport goods for trade.≈ Synonym: commercial paths🇺🇿UZ: savdo yo'llari🇷🇺RU: торговые пути, creating connectionsconnection (noun)Links or relationships between things.≈ Synonym: links🇺🇿UZ: aloqalar🇷🇺RU: связи between distantdistant (adj)Far away in space.≈ Synonym: far-off🇺🇿UZ: uzoq🇷🇺RU: отдалённый cultures, and shapingshape (verb)Having a strong influence on how something develops.≈ Synonym: forming🇺🇿UZ: shakllantirib🇷🇺RU: формируя the modern world map.
One of the main reasons for this great wavewave (noun)A sudden increase or spread of activity.≈ Synonym: surge🇺🇿UZ: to'lqin🇷🇺RU: волна of exploration was the desiredesire (noun)A strong wish for something.≈ Synonym: wish🇺🇿UZ: istak🇷🇺RU: желание for wealthwealth (noun)A large amount of money or valuable possessions.≈ Synonym: riches🇺🇿UZ: boylik🇷🇺RU: богатство. European countries, especially Spain and Portugal, were looking for new ways to tradetrade (verb)To buy and sell goods.≈ Synonym: exchange goods🇺🇿UZ: savdo qilmoq🇷🇺RU: торговать with Asia. They wanted spicesspice (noun)Substances used to flavour food, from plants.≈ Synonym: seasonings🇺🇿UZ: ziravorlar🇷🇺RU: специи, silksilk (noun)A fine, soft fabric made from silkworm thread.≈ Synonym: fine fabric🇺🇿UZ: ipak🇷🇺RU: шёлк, and other goods that were expensive and difficult to get through existingexisting (adj)Currently in use or present.≈ Synonym: current🇺🇿UZ: mavjud🇷🇺RU: существующий land routes. By finding sea routes, they hoped to make trade faster, cheaper, and more profitableprofitable (adj)Producing financial gain.≈ Synonym: lucrative🇺🇿UZ: foydali🇷🇺RU: прибыльный.
Another reason for exploration was curiositycuriosity (noun)A strong desire to learn or know something.≈ Synonym: inquisitiveness🇺🇿UZ: qiziquvchanlik🇷🇺RU: любопытство and a spirit of adventureadventure (noun)An exciting or unusual experience.≈ Synonym: escapade🇺🇿UZ: sarguzasht🇷🇺RU: приключение. Many sailors wanted to see new lands and experienceexperience (verb)To encounter or undergo something.≈ Synonym: encounter🇺🇿UZ: boshdan kechirmoq🇷🇺RU: испытывать unknown cultures. There was also a strong interestinterest (noun)A feeling of wanting to know or learn about something.≈ Synonym: curiosity🇺🇿UZ: qiziqish🇷🇺RU: интерес in spreading ChristianityChristianity (noun)The religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ.≈ Synonym: Christian faith🇺🇿UZ: xristianlik🇷🇺RU: христианство to other parts of the world. Some explorers travelled with priestspriest (noun)Religious officials who perform ceremonies.≈ Synonym: clergy🇺🇿UZ: ruhoniylar🇷🇺RU: священники who aimedaim (verb)Intended or planned to do something.≈ Synonym: intended🇺🇿UZ: maqsad qilgan🇷🇺RU: стремились to teach their religion to the people they met.
During this time, some of the most famousfamous (adj)Known about by many people.≈ Synonym: renowned🇺🇿UZ: mashhur🇷🇺RU: знаменитый explorers in history made their journeys. Christopher Columbus, sailing for Spain, crossedcross (verb)Travelled from one side of something to the other.≈ Synonym: traversed🇺🇿UZ: kesib o'tdi🇷🇺RU: пересёк the Atlantic in 1492 and reached the Americas, though he believed he had found a route to Asia. Vasco da Gama, from Portugal, became the first European to sail around Africa and reach India. Ferdinand Magellan's expeditionexpedition (noun)A journey undertaken for a specific purpose.≈ Synonym: voyage🇺🇿UZ: ekspeditsiya🇷🇺RU: экспедиция, also for Spain, was the first to sail all the way around the world, provingprove (verb)Demonstrating that something is true.≈ Synonym: demonstrating🇺🇿UZ: isbotlab🇷🇺RU: доказывая that the Earth was roundround (adj)Shaped like a circle or sphere.≈ Synonym: spherical🇺🇿UZ: yumaloq🇷🇺RU: круглый and that all the oceans were connected.
The Age of Exploration had many positive effects. It led to the exchangeexchange (noun)The act of giving and receiving things mutually.≈ Synonym: swap🇺🇿UZ: almashinuv🇷🇺RU: обмен of plants, animals, and ideas between continentscontinent (noun)Large continuous areas of land, such as Africa or Asia.≈ Synonym: landmasses🇺🇿UZ: qit'alar🇷🇺RU: континенты. It allowed people to learn more about the world and other cultures. However, it also had negativenegative (adj)Harmful or undesirable in nature.≈ Synonym: harmful🇺🇿UZ: salbiy🇷🇺RU: отрицательный effects. European explorers and settlerssettler (noun)People who settle in a new area or country.≈ Synonym: colonists🇺🇿UZ: ko'chib kelganlar🇷🇺RU: поселенцы often took land from Indigenous peoplesIndigenous peoples (noun)The original inhabitants of a land.≈ Synonym: native peoples🇺🇿UZ: tub aholi🇷🇺RU: коренные народы, sometimes through forceforce (noun)Physical power used to make someone do something.≈ Synonym: violence🇺🇿UZ: kuch🇷🇺RU: сила. New diseases were brought to the Americas, which caused great sufferingsuffering (noun)The state of experiencing pain or hardship.≈ Synonym: hardship🇺🇿UZ: azob🇷🇺RU: страдание among nativenative (adj)Belonging to a particular place by birth.≈ Synonym: indigenous🇺🇿UZ: mahalliy🇷🇺RU: коренной populationspopulation (noun)The people living in a particular area.≈ Synonym: inhabitants🇺🇿UZ: aholi🇷🇺RU: население.
The legacylegacy (noun)Something handed down from the past.≈ Synonym: inheritance🇺🇿UZ: meros🇷🇺RU: наследие of the Age of Exploration is complexcomplex (adj)Made up of many interconnected parts; not simple.≈ Synonym: complicated🇺🇿UZ: murakkab🇷🇺RU: сложный. It helped create the world we know today, but it also reminds us of the costscost (noun)Negative consequences of an action.≈ Synonym: prices paid🇺🇿UZ: narxlar (oqibatlar)🇷🇺RU: издержки of expansionexpansion (noun)The process of becoming larger.≈ Synonym: growth🇺🇿UZ: kengayish🇷🇺RU: расширение and the need to respectrespect (verb)To admire and consider the feelings of others.≈ Synonym: honour🇺🇿UZ: hurmat qilmoq🇷🇺RU: уважать other cultures.