Daily Reading Practice · Nonfiction passage
Any word, any time — right from this page.
Plastic is one of the most usefuluseful (adj)Able to be used for a practical purpose.≈ Synonym: practical🇺🇿UZ: foydali🇷🇺RU: полезный materials ever inventedinvent (verb)Created or designed something for the first time.≈ Synonym: created🇺🇿UZ: ixtiro qilmoq🇷🇺RU: изобретать. It is lightlight (adj)Not heavy; low in weight.≈ Synonym: lightweight🇺🇿UZ: yengil🇷🇺RU: лёгкий, strongstrong (adj)Able to withstand force without breaking.≈ Synonym: durable🇺🇿UZ: mustahkam, kuchli🇷🇺RU: прочный, сильный, and cheapcheap (adj)Costing little money.≈ Synonym: inexpensive🇺🇿UZ: arzon🇷🇺RU: дешёвый to produceproduce (verb)To make or manufacture something.≈ Synonym: manufacture🇺🇿UZ: ishlab chiqarmoq🇷🇺RU: производить. Because of this, it is used to make many of the things we use every day, such as bagsbag (noun)Containers made of flexible material for carrying things.≈ Synonym: sacks🇺🇿UZ: sumka, paket🇷🇺RU: пакет, сумка, bottlesbottle (noun)Containers with a narrow neck for holding liquids.≈ Synonym: containers🇺🇿UZ: shisha, butilka🇷🇺RU: бутылка, and food packagingpackaging (noun)Materials used to wrap or contain products.≈ Synonym: wrapping🇺🇿UZ: qadoqlash🇷🇺RU: упаковка. However, plastic also causescause (verb)To make something happen, usually something bad.≈ Synonym: lead to🇺🇿UZ: sabab bo'lmoq🇷🇺RU: вызывать, причинять seriousserious (adj)Significant or worrying in nature.≈ Synonym: grave🇺🇿UZ: jiddiy🇷🇺RU: серьёзный problems for the environmentenvironment (noun)The natural world; surroundings in which we live.≈ Synonym: surroundings🇺🇿UZ: atrof-muhit🇷🇺RU: окружающая среда.
One of the biggest problems with plastic is that it does not break downbreak down (phrasal verb)To decompose into simpler parts naturally.≈ Synonym: decompose🇺🇿UZ: parchalanmoq🇷🇺RU: разлагаться easily. A plastic bag, for example, can take hundreds of years to disappeardisappear (verb)To stop being visible or existing.≈ Synonym: vanish🇺🇿UZ: yo'qolmoq🇷🇺RU: исчезать. During that time, it can harmharm (verb)To cause damage or injury.≈ Synonym: damage🇺🇿UZ: zarar yetkazmoq🇷🇺RU: вредить wildlifewildlife (noun)Animals living in their natural habitat.≈ Synonym: fauna🇺🇿UZ: yovvoyi tabiat🇷🇺RU: дикая природа. Animals like birds and turtlesturtle (noun)A sea animal with a hard shell.🇺🇿UZ: toshbaqa (dengiz)🇷🇺RU: черепаха sometimes mistakemistake (verb)To wrongly identify one thing as another.≈ Synonym: confuse🇺🇿UZ: (...ni ...deb) adashtirmoq🇷🇺RU: принимать (за кого-то) plastic for food. When they eat it, they can become sick or even die. Small pieces of plastic, called microplasticsmicroplastic (noun)Tiny pieces of plastic pollution less than 5mm long.≈ Synonym: plastic particles🇺🇿UZ: mikroplastik🇷🇺RU: микропластик, also pollutepollute (verb)To make an environment dirty or harmful.≈ Synonym: contaminate🇺🇿UZ: ifloslantirmoq🇷🇺RU: загрязнять rivers, lakes, and oceans. These tiny pieces are difficult to clean up and can enter the food chainfood chain (noun)The series of living things linked by what they eat.≈ Synonym: ecosystem chain🇺🇿UZ: oziq-ovqat zanjiri🇷🇺RU: пищевая цепь, which means they may even end up inside the fish and seafoodseafood (noun)Fish and shellfish eaten as food.🇺🇿UZ: dengiz mahsulotlari🇷🇺RU: морепродукты that people eat.
Another problem is that a lot of plastic is used only once and then thrown awaythrow away (phrasal verb)To get rid of something you do not want.≈ Synonym: discard🇺🇿UZ: tashlab yubormoq🇷🇺RU: выбрасывать. Around the world, millions of plastic bottles and bags are thrown out every day. Many of these items are not recycledrecycle (verb)Processed used materials for reuse.≈ Synonym: reprocessed🇺🇿UZ: qayta ishlamoq🇷🇺RU: перерабатывать but end up in landfillslandfill (noun)Sites where waste is buried in the ground.≈ Synonym: dump sites🇺🇿UZ: chiqindixona, axlatxona🇷🇺RU: свалка, полигон or in the sea. As a result, huge areas of the ocean are now filled with floatingfloating (adj)Staying on the surface of a liquid.≈ Synonym: drifting🇺🇿UZ: suzib yuruvchi🇷🇺RU: плавающий plastic waste, creating what are known as "plastic islands."
There are solutionssolution (noun)Ways of solving a problem.≈ Synonym: answers🇺🇿UZ: yechim🇷🇺RU: решение to the problem of plastic waste, but they requirerequire (verb)To need something for a particular purpose.≈ Synonym: need🇺🇿UZ: talab qilmoq🇷🇺RU: требовать action from both governmentsgovernment (noun)The groups of people that govern a country.≈ Synonym: authorities🇺🇿UZ: hukumat🇷🇺RU: правительство and individualsindividual (noun)Single people, as opposed to groups.≈ Synonym: single people🇺🇿UZ: shaxs, alohida odam🇷🇺RU: отдельный человек. Governments can introduceintroduce (verb)To start using a new law, system, etc.≈ Synonym: bring in🇺🇿UZ: joriy etmoq🇷🇺RU: вводить lawslaw (noun)Official rules made by a government.≈ Synonym: legislation🇺🇿UZ: qonun🇷🇺RU: закон to limitlimit (verb)To restrict the amount or extent of something.≈ Synonym: restrict🇺🇿UZ: cheklamoq🇷🇺RU: ограничивать the use of plastic bags and encourageencourage (verb)To give support or confidence to do something.≈ Synonym: promote🇺🇿UZ: rag'batlantirmoq🇷🇺RU: поощрять recycling. They can also support companies that create new materials which are better for the environment. At the same time, people can help by using reusablereusable (adj)Able to be used again.≈ Synonym: recyclable🇺🇿UZ: qayta ishlatiladigan🇷🇺RU: многоразовый bags and bottles, recycling whenever possible, and avoidingavoid (verb)To stay away from something.≈ Synonym: keep away from🇺🇿UZ: qochmoq, saqlanmoq🇷🇺RU: избегать products that are wrappedwrap (verb)To cover something in paper, plastic, etc.🇺🇿UZ: o'ramoq🇷🇺RU: заворачивать in too much plastic.
If we all work together, we can reducereduce (verb)To make something smaller or less.≈ Synonym: cut🇺🇿UZ: kamaytirmoq🇷🇺RU: сокращать plastic waste and protectprotect (verb)To keep something safe from harm.≈ Synonym: guard🇺🇿UZ: himoya qilmoq🇷🇺RU: защищать the environment for future generationsfuture generations (noun)People who will be born and live in the future.≈ Synonym: future descendants🇺🇿UZ: kelajak avlodlari🇷🇺RU: будущие поколения.
In your own words, write a short summary of what you just read (90–120+ words). Don't copy sentences — explain the main ideas.
Every highlighted word from this story with its meaning in Uzbek 🇺🇿 and Russian 🇷🇺, and an example. Tap 🇬🇧 or 🇺🇸 to hear the word or the sentence in a British or American accent.
| # | 🇬🇧 | 🇺🇿 | 🇷🇺 | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | usefuladjective | foydali | полезный | This app is really useful for learning new words. |
| 2 | inventverb | ixtiro qilmoq | изобретать | Who invented the telephone? |
| 3 | lightadjective | yengil | лёгкий | This jacket is warm but very light. |
| 4 | strongadjective | mustahkam, kuchli | прочный, сильный | You need a strong bag to carry all those books. |
| 5 | cheapadjective | arzon | дешёвый | Fruit is very cheap at the bazaar in summer. |
| 6 | produceverb | ishlab chiqarmoq | производить | This factory produces 500 cars a day. |
| 7 | bagnoun | sumka, paket | пакет, сумка | Please bring your own bag to the supermarket. |
| 8 | bottlenoun | shisha, butilka | бутылка | I always carry a bottle of water. |
| 9 | packagingnoun | qadoqlash | упаковка | There's too much packaging on this toy. |
| 10 | causeverb | sabab bo'lmoq | вызывать, причинять | Heavy rain caused flooding in the city. |
| 11 | seriousadjective | jiddiy | серьёзный | Traffic accidents are a serious problem in big cities. |
| 12 | environmentnoun | atrof-muhit | окружающая среда | We should protect the environment for our children. |
| 13 | break downphrasal verb | parchalanmoq | разлагаться | Food waste breaks down quickly, but plastic doesn't. |
| 14 | disappearverb | yo'qolmoq | исчезать | My keys seem to disappear every morning! |
| 15 | harmverb | zarar yetkazmoq | вредить | Too much screen time can harm your eyes. |
| 16 | wildlifenoun | yovvoyi tabiat | дикая природа | The national park is full of wildlife. |
| 17 | turtlenoun | toshbaqa (dengiz) | черепаха | Sea turtles often eat plastic bags by mistake. |
| 18 | mistakeverb | (...ni ...deb) adashtirmoq | принимать (за кого-то) | People often mistake me for my older brother. |
| 19 | microplasticnoun | mikroplastik | микропластик | Scientists have found microplastics in drinking water. |
| 20 | polluteverb | ifloslantirmoq | загрязнять | Old cars pollute the air much more than new ones. |
| 21 | food chainnoun | oziq-ovqat zanjiri | пищевая цепь | Small fish are at the bottom of the food chain. |
| 22 | seafoodnoun | dengiz mahsulotlari | морепродукты | I'm allergic to seafood. |
| 23 | throw awayphrasal verb | tashlab yubormoq | выбрасывать | Don't throw away those boxes — we can use them. |
| 24 | recycleverb | qayta ishlamoq | перерабатывать | Paper and glass can be recycled. |
| 25 | landfillnoun | chiqindixona, axlatxona | свалка, полигон | Most of our rubbish ends up in a landfill. |
| 26 | floatingadjective | suzib yuruvchi | плавающий | There were leaves floating on the surface of the pool. |
| 27 | solutionnoun | yechim | решение | We need a quick solution to this problem. |
| 28 | requireverb | talab qilmoq | требовать | Most jobs require good computer skills. |
| 29 | governmentnoun | hukumat | правительство | The government has promised to build more schools. |
| 30 | individualnoun | shaxs, alohida odam | отдельный человек | Every individual can do something to save water. |
| 31 | introduceverb | joriy etmoq | вводить | The school introduced a new uniform this year. |
| 32 | lawnoun | qonun | закон | There is a law against smoking in public places. |
| 33 | limitverb | cheklamoq | ограничивать | Try to limit your coffee to two cups a day. |
| 34 | encourageverb | rag'batlantirmoq | поощрять | Parents should encourage their children to read. |
| 35 | reusableadjective | qayta ishlatiladigan | многоразовый | I bought a reusable coffee cup. |
| 36 | avoidverb | qochmoq, saqlanmoq | избегать | I'm avoiding sugar this month. |
| 37 | wrapverb | o'ramoq | заворачивать | She wrapped the gift in red paper. |
| 38 | reduceverb | kamaytirmoq | сокращать | Walking more can reduce stress. |
| 39 | protectverb | himoya qilmoq | защищать | Sunscreen protects your skin. |
| 40 | future generationsnoun | kelajak avlodlari | будущие поколения | We must protect our forests for future generations. |